Drugs Flashcards
Competitive oxytocin antagonist? Main use?
Atosiban. Inhibits contractions
Define tocolytics
Decrease uterine tone (e.g. atosiban)
Main use of oxytocics?
Synthetic oxytocin’s
Increase the force of uterine contractions
Explain use of bromocriptine.
It is a dopamine agonist which suppresses prolactin secretion
Compare bromocriptine and haloperidol
Bromocriptine = dopamine agonist that inhibits prolactin Haloperidol = dopamine antagonist that promotes prolactin
Explain use of somatotropin
Recombinant hGH
Used for growth defects and abused in sport
Compare mecasermin and somatotropin
Similar effect.
Somatotropin = recombinant hGH
Mecasermin = recombinant hIGF1
Name the drug that is recombinant IGF1
Mecasermin
Name a somatostatin agonist used to inhibit GH excess
Octreotride
What benefit does tetrabenazine have in Huntington’s disease?
Treats chorea
How does tetrabenazine treat chorea?
- dopamine competitive antagonist
- blocks actions of VMATs
Why would benzatropine, a MACh antagonist, be helpful in Parkinson’s?
Reduces ACh (excitatory neurotransmitter)
Explain the use of cholinesterase inhibitors in Alzheimer’s
Increases the concentration of ACh in the synaptic cleft which improves memory, attention and mood
Name main drug used in ALS
Riluzole
Does riluzole increase or decrease excitatory neurotransmitters?
Decreases
Alendronate and risdronate are examples of…
Second generation biophosphonates
How do you recognise a biphosphonate?
Suffix -onate
Raloxifene (used in osteoporosis) is an example of which class of drug?
SERM - selective oestrogen receptor modulator
Prednisolone and dexamethasone are examples of…
Synthetic glucocorticoids
How does oxytocin stimulate milk ejection?
Binds to myoepithelial cell. Activates PLC as second messenger which splits into IP3 and DAG. IP3 binds to SR and causes release of calcium. Calcium binds to troponin which allows actin ant myosin cross bridging to form. This causes contraction of the muscle and ejection of the milk down the duct.
Name synthetic T4
Levothyroxine
Name synthetic T3
Liothyronine
Mesalamine is also known as…
Mesalizine
What is sulfasalazine
Conjugated mesalamine
Prednisone and budesonide are examples of which class of drugs
Glucorticoids
Mercaptopurine is an immunosuppressant used for which condition?
Severe IBD
Name a monoclonal antibody used for IBD
Infliximab
Adalimumab
Golimumab
Monoclonal antibodies are contraindicated in which patients?
Those with a history of TB, fungal infections, hep B
Because these diseases can resurface while on these drugs
Dose of MTX for Crohn’s?
15-20mg / week
