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drugs Flashcards

1
Q

class 1C drugs

A

flecainide

propafenone

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2
Q

class 1A drugs

A

quinidine
procainimide
disopyramide

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3
Q

side effect of quinidine

A

chinchism

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4
Q

side effect of procainimide

A

drug induced lupus

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5
Q

side effect of class 1A

A

torsades

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6
Q

class 1b drugs

A

lidocaine

mexilitine

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7
Q

MOA of class 1 antiarrhythmics

A

Na channel blockers, decrease phase 0 slope (CAB)

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8
Q

MOA of class 2 antiarrhythmics

A

decrease slope of phase 4 depolarization, decrease SA/AV node activity

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9
Q

what can class 2 antiarrhythmics treat

A

a fib

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10
Q

side effect of class 2 antiarrhythmics

A

hypoglycemic masking, COPD exacerbation, impotence

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11
Q

class 3 antiarrhythmics

A

sotalol
amiodarone
ibutilide
dofetilide

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12
Q

MOA of class 3

A

prolong phase 3 repolarization, potassium channel blockers

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13
Q

adverse events of class 3

A

torsades

amiodarone: thyrotox, lungs

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14
Q

MOA of calcium channel blockers

A

decreases slope of phase 0,3,4. prolonged depolarization via AV node

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15
Q

valproate MOA

A

Na channel blocker, increases GABA

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16
Q

adverse effects of valproate

A

anemia
hepatotoxic
pancreatitis
spina bifida

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17
Q

MOA phenytoin

A

Na channel blocker

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18
Q

adverse effects phenytoin

A

gingival hyperplasia, p450 inducer, zero order kinetics, teratogenic

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19
Q

MOA of ethosuximide

A

T type calcium channel blocker

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20
Q

MOA of carbamazapine

A

increase refractory period of Na channels

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21
Q

adverse effects of carbamazapine

A

SJS, agranulocytosis, neural tube defects

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22
Q

MOA of lamotogrine

A

blocks Na channels, increase glutamate

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23
Q

MOA of benzos and barbs

A

increase GABAa

benzos: increase frequency of Cl
barbs: increase duration of Cl

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24
Q

denosumab

A

osteoclast inhibitor

: controls pain and inhibits fractures

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25
Q

tamoxifen

A

antagonist at breast estrogen receptors. partial agonist in endometrium.

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26
Q

SSRIs

A

fluoxetine, sertraline, paroxetine, citalopram, escitalopram

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27
Q

adverse effects of SSRIs

A

diarrhea, sexual dysfunction, nausea

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28
Q

SNRIs

A

duloxetine, venlafaxine, desvenlafaxine

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29
Q

adverse effects of SNRIs

A

HTN, discontinuation syndrome

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30
Q

TCAs

A

desipramine, nortriptyline, clomipramine, imipramine, amitriptyline, doxepin

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31
Q

adverse effects of TCAs

A

delirium, arrhythmia, coma, seizure, antichlingeric

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32
Q

adverse effects of mirtazapine

A

weight gain, sedation

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33
Q

adverse effects of trazadone

A

sedation, priapism

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34
Q

adverse effects of buproprion

A

anxiety, lowers seizure threshold

35
Q

paclitaxol

A

stabilizes microtubules- blocks G2/M phase

36
Q

haloperidol

A

dopamine antagonist

causes hyperprolactinoma

37
Q

MOA of trazadone

A

inhibits 5HT2A receptor, blocks H1

38
Q

MOA of lidocaine

A

blocks Na channels - prevents depolarization

39
Q

MOA of mifeprestoen

A

progesterone partial agonist

promotes placental separation and contraction

40
Q

flutamide MOA

A

competitive testosterone receptor inhibitor

41
Q

fomepizol MOA

A

competitive inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase

42
Q

terazosin, prazosine, doxazosin MOA

A

inhibit alpha 1. cause smooth muscle relaxation

43
Q

MOA of conivaptan

A

ADH receptor antagonist

44
Q

MOA of amoxicillin

A

inhibits transpeptidase

45
Q

alprostadil

A

PGE1

46
Q

epoprostenal

A

prostacyclin analog, used for pulmonary HTN

47
Q

MOA of pradiloxamine

A

regenerates ACHE

48
Q

MOA of atropine

A

competitive inhibitor of ACHE

49
Q

adverse effects of GLP1 receptor agonists

A

acute pancreatitis

50
Q

MOA of GLP1 agonists

A

-tide

stimulate insulin release, lower glucose levels, delays gastric emptying, given subQ

51
Q

MOA of metformin

A

inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis, increases glycolysis, increases peripheral glucose uptake.
excreted by kidney

52
Q

adverse effects of metformin

A

lactic acidosis, B12 deficiency, GI upset

53
Q

MOA of sulfonyureas

A

increase release of insulin by depolarizing the K+ channel on beta cells

54
Q

adverse effects of sulfonylureas

A

hypoglycemia, disulfiram like

55
Q

what are the 3 sulfonylureas

A

glimepiride, glipizide, glyburide

56
Q

MOA of DDP4 inhibitors

A

end in gliptin

potentiates GLP1

57
Q

adverse effects of DDP4 inhibitors

A

urinary infections, respiratory infections, pancreatitis, taken ORALLY

58
Q

MOA of SGLT2 inhibitors

A

decrease reabsorption of glucose in PCT

-gliflozin

59
Q

adverse effects of SGLT2 inhibitors

A

UTI, hyperkalemia, dehydration

60
Q

alpha glucosidase inhibitors

A

acarbose, miglitol

inhibit intestinal brush border alpha-glucosidase- decrease reabsorption of glucose

61
Q

adverse effects of alpha glucosidase inhibitors

A

GI upset, gas, bloating

62
Q

MOA of thiazolinadiones

A

-glitazone

binds PPARa- increases insulin sensitivity

63
Q

adverse effects of thiazolinadiones

A

heart failure, increased risk of fracture

64
Q

MOA of amylin analogs

A

pramlinitide

synthetic amylin, helps insulin do its job

65
Q

Leuprolide

A

GnRH agonist when given pulsatile, antagonist when given continuously

66
Q

MOA of olanzapine

A

inhibits serotonin and dopamine type 2 receptors

67
Q

MOA of bosenten

A

competitive antagonist of endothelin 1 receptors

68
Q

side effects of Mu opioids

A

lowered blood pressure, constipation, respiratory depression, bronchoconstriction, increased prolactin, decreased LH, increased ICP,

69
Q

tx of night terrors

A

benzos

70
Q

signs of TCA overdose

A

flushed skin, mydriasis (dilated pupils), confusion, widened QRS

71
Q

MOA of TCA

A

inhibit reuptake fo serotonin and NE in post synaptic cleft

72
Q

adverse effects fo TCA

A

H1 antagonist: weight gain, sedation
Alpha 1 antagonist: orthostatic hypotension
muscarinic antagonist:

73
Q

MOA of ethambutol

A

inhibits arabinosyl transferase

74
Q

abortive therapies for migraines

A

NSAIDS, triptans, ergot

75
Q

preventative meds for migraines

A

beta blockers, TCAs, valproate, topiramate

76
Q

MOA of baclofen

A

GABAb receptor agonist

77
Q

adenosine MOA

A

causes transient AV nodal block- treats SVT

78
Q

side effect of ethosuzimide

A

SJS

79
Q

nitroglycerin MOA

A

venodilator- decreased preload and SV

80
Q

MOA of gentamicin

A

inhibits 30s subunit

81
Q

adverse effects of gentamicin

A

causes CN 8 dysfunction in fetus

82
Q

dimercarpol

A

used to treat mercury poisoning

83
Q

maintenance dose

A

= Cl x CP / F

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