Drugs 1+2

Question 1

Paclitaxel

Answer 1

Microtubulin inhibitor.

Stablizes the microtubules preventing mitosis. Also potential to inhibit angiogenesis.

Question 2

Cisplatin

Answer 2

Chemotherapy

given IV

1. Enters cell via passive/action diffusion.
2. Hydrolysis occurs forming postive platinum ions.
3. Pt ions interact with nucelophilic sites forming DNA adducts interferring with replication/transcription.

Question 3

Rifampicin

Answer 3

Potent broad spec antibiotic.
Used in TB in combination with Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, & Ethambutol.

MOA: Binds to β-subunit of RNA polymerase. Inhibiting RNA/protein synthesis.

Question 4

Isoniazid

Answer 4

Narrow spec (Mycobacteria only).

Pyridoxine (B6) given with isoniazid to prevent peripheral neuropathy.

MOA:
1. Converted to active form via KatG.
2. Targets mycolic synthesis - important for cell wall. Via enoyl-Acyl Carrier Protein (ACP).

Question 5

Ethambutol

Answer 5

Inhibition of cell wall synthesis via Arabinosyl transferase.

Inhibition of arabinosyl transferase prevents arabinogalactan, a key cell wall component.

Question 6

Pyrazinamide

Answer 6

Pyrazinoic acid disrupts Mycobacterium tuberculosis membrane transport and energetics. Leading to decreased ATP.

Question 7

Ciprofloxacin

Answer 7

Broad spec.
Topoisomerase 2 & 4 inhibitor.

Class: Fluroquinolones

Question 8

Hypertonic Saline

Answer 8

Stimulates vasopressin release from pituitary gland.

Decrease water loss through kidney.

Question 9

Salbutamol

Answer 9

B2 agonist.

Question 10

Salmetrol

Answer 10

Long acting B2 agonist.

Question 11

Budesonide

Answer 11

Corticosteroid.

Decreased vasodilation and permeability of capillaries.

Question 12

Montelukast

Answer 12

Leukotriene antagonist.

Prevent exercised induced bronchoconstriction.

Asthma, seasonal rhinitis.

Question 13

Ipratropium

Answer 13

Anti cholingeric.
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist.

COPD