Drug use, contraindications and dose Flashcards
Activated Charcoal
USE- Digested toxin within 1 hour
CON- Vomiting, child <1, Cyanide poison, reduces GI motility, metal salts, petrol, GI issues ,unable to swallow
Dose- >12YO 50g max dose
Adrenaline
USE- Cardiac Arrest, asthma and anaphylaxis
CON- NIL
DOSE- 1mgcardiac arrest _ 500 m cg for IM
Amiodarone
USE- VT or VT in cardiac arrest
CON- NIL
DOSE- 300mg on third shock and 150mg on fifth
Aspirin
USE-ACS
CON- Active bleeding, patient <16YO, clotting disorders ,hepatic disease
DOSE- 300mg
Atropine
USE- Bradycardia (40BPM)
CON- Hypothermia bradycardia
Dose 600mch repeat 3-5 minutes to the total of 3mg
BENZYLPENICILLIN
USE- meningococcal disease
CON- Penicillin allergy
DOSE- <12YO 1200mg IM with 4mL of saline , >12YO 1200mg IV with 20 mL of saline
CHLORPHENAMINE
USE- Anaphylaxis or allergy
CON- Hypersensitivity
DOSE-IV/IO/IM 10 mg , PO 4 mg ,ORAL 4 mg
DIAZEPAM
USE- prolonged or repeated convulsions seizures and eclampsia
CON- Hypersensitivity
DOSE- <70YO 20 mg rectal with repeat at 10 mg, >70 YO 10mg repeat with 10mg, <12YO same but IV/IO
Frusemide
USE- Pulmonary odema/ respiratory depression from acute HF
CON- Reduced GCS with liver cirrhosis, cardiogenic shock
DOSE- >18YO 40 mg
Glucagon
USE- Hypo
CON- PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA
DOSE->12 1 mg
Glucose 10 %
USE- Hypo
CON- Sub cut or IM
DOSE- 10 mg (100ml)
Glucose 40 %
USE- Hypo
CON- unresponsive
DOSE- >12YO 10-20 g repeat 10 g with max of 20 g
GTN
USE- Chest pain
CON- <90 systolic, Hypovolemia, Head trauma, cerebral hemorrhage, Viagra use, unresponsive patients, severe mitral stenosis
Dose- PO 300, 500, 600 mg, and 400-800mch subling repeat 5 mins with no max
Hydrocortisone
USE- Asthma, anaphylaxis and adrenal crisis
CON- Allergy
DOSE- Asthma and adrenal crisis- 100mg IV, Anaphylaxis- 200 mg IV
Ibuprofen
USE- ANALGESIC, ANTIPYRETIC, ANTIINFLAMMATORY DOSE- 4mg PO repeat every 8 hours 1.2 in 24 hrs CON- -DEHYDRATION - HYPOVOLAEMIA - RENAL INSUFFICIENCY - ACTIVE UPPER GI DISTURBANCES - WOMAN IN LAST TRIMESTER OF PREGNANCY - CHILD WITH CHICKENPOX - PREVIOUS HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTION IN RESPONSE TO IBUPROFEN, ASPIRIN OR OTHER NSAIDS - ACTIVE PEPTIC ULCER/HAEMORRHAGE - SEVERE HEART, RENAL OR HEPATIC FAILURE
Ipratropium Bromide
USE- Asthma
CON- NIL
DOSE- 1-12YO 125mcg, 12 YO 250mcg
Misoprostol
USE- Contraction
CON- Active labor, hypersentivity, multiple foetus
DOSE- SL 800mcg, PR 800mcg if impaired
Morphine
USE- Pain
CON- <1 YO , respiratory depression, SYS <90 , Head injury with VPU, allergy ,severe headache
USE- >12YO IV/IO 10 MG repeat 5 min till 20 mg
Naloxone
USE- Opioid OD
CON- Vomit, Withdrawal violented symptoms
DOSE- IV/IO/IM 400 mcg every 3 mins To MAX 4mg
Nitrous oxide ( Entonox
USE- Pain moderate/severe, Labor
CON- reduced ALOC with head injuries ,decompression sickness, disturbed psychiatric patients, intraocular injection of gas within the 4 weeks , abdo pain suspecting obstruction
Ondansetron
USE- Vomit and nausea
CON- Allergy and <1 months
DOSE- IV/IM 4 mg
Oxygen
USE- patients with 94% unless respiratory ditresss, hypoxia, ACS, COPD (88-92), Pulmonary odema IPPV
CON- Explosive
Paracetamol PO
USE- antipyretic, mild pain relief
CON- Allergy and dose
DOSE- 500mg- 1g for pt over 50KG, 500-750mg under every 4-6 hours MAX 4
Paracetamol IV
USE- Pain relief and high temp
CON- Allergy and Max dose
DOSE- 1g >12YO, 750 mg <750mg
Salbutamol
USE- Asthma and anaphylaxis
CON- NIL
DOSE- 5mg 12>YO no MAX
TXA
USE- Major bleed , PPH, obstetric bleeds
CON- Analytic reaction, bleed >3 hrs ago, Resolution of bleed, Isolated head injury, PPH before administration unless trauma is suspected, critical interventions required
1g in 10 ml
