Drug - Treatment

Question 1

Natural Penicillins

Answer 1

Streptococcus spp.
Neisseria meningitidis
Enterococcus faecalis
Treponema pallidum (syphilis)

Question 2

Penicillinase-Resistant Penicillins

Answer 2

Known as anti-staph penicillins (MSSA)

Strep spp.

Question 3

Amino penicllins

Answer 3

Streptococcus spp.
Neisseria meningitidis
Enterococcus faecalis
Treponema pallidum (syphilis)
some gram -
Ampicillin is the drug of choice for Listeria and susceptible Enterococcus faecalis

Question 4

Extended-Spectrum Penicillins

Answer 4

Known as anti-pseudomonal penicillins
gram + coverage
ONLY penicillins for Enterobacteriaceae
Good coverage of anaerobic organisms
NEVER USED ALONE (always in combo with a B-lactamase inhibitor)

Question 5

1st Generation Cephs

Answer 5

MSSA
E.Coli
Klebsiella
Gram +

Question 6

2nd Generation Cephs

Answer 6

Anaerobic
Cefoxitin treats Enterobacteriaceae
Others have expanded gram -

Question 7

3rd Generation Cephs

Answer 7

Gram -
MSSA (except Ceftazidime)
Ceftazidime has anti-pseudomonal activity

Question 8

4th Generation Cephs

Answer 8

Pseudomonas

Gram + (MSSA)

Question 9

5th Generation Cephs

Answer 9

Niche drug: MRSA and PRSP

Question 10

Carbapenems

Answer 10

PRSP
MSSA
VSE
Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas (except Ertapenem)
most gram -

Question 11

Monobactams

Answer 11

ONLY gram negative aerobic organisms

Commonly used in penicillin-allergic patients

Question 12

2nd Generation Fluoroquinolones

Answer 12

Gram + with quick resistance development
Gram -
DOC for Pseudomonal Infections is Cipro
NEVER USE CIPRO FOR STAPH

Question 13

4th Generation Fluoroquinolones

Answer 13

Gram +
Gram-
Anaerobic
Mycobacteria spp. (TB that is very resistant)

Question 14

Aminoglycosides

Answer 14

Pseudomonas
Aerobic Gram -
Synergy with Beta Lactams

Question 15

Macrolides

Answer 15

Gram + : CLAR > ERY&raquo_space; AZI
Gram -: AZI > CLAR&raquo_space;> ERY
Atypical Pathogens (Chlamydophila, Legionella, Mycoplasma)

Question 16

Tetracyclines

Answer 16

Gram + (including Enterococcus)
Atypical Organisms (Rickettsia rickettsii, Borrelia burgdorferi)
Doxy and Mino for CA-MRSA
Mino for acne and RA

Question 17

Glycylcycline

Answer 17

Gram - (except Pseudomonas, Proteus, Providencia)

Question 18

Vancomycin

Answer 18

Gram + ONLY (MRSA, Streptococcus, Enterococcus)
PO for CDI
DOC for MRSA if not VRSA
WILL NOT WORK ON GRAM -

Question 19

Linezolid

Answer 19

Gram + (MRSA, Streptococcus, VRE)

Question 20

Daptomycin

Answer 20

Gram + (MRSA, Streptococcus, VRE)

CANNOT BE USED FOR PNEUMONIA

Question 21

Metronidazole

Answer 21

Anaerobes and Protozoal infections

Question 22

Lincosamide

Answer 22

Anaerobic
Gram + (except Enterococcus)
MRSA (especially in Peds)

Question 23

Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole

Answer 23

Gram + (MRSA, Nocardia)
DOES NOT COVER GAS
DOC for Stenotrophomonas, Nocardia, PCP and CA-MRSA
some Gram -

Question 24

Rifampin

Answer 24

NEVER USED ALONE

Question 25

Colistin

Answer 25

Essentially Bleech
MDR Pseudomonas
MDR Acinetobacter

Question 26

Sulbactam

Answer 26

ONLY B-LACTAMASE INHIBITOR WITH ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES

Acinetobacter