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Drug Toxicity from FA > Drug Toxicities (from FA) > Flashcards

Drug Toxicities (from FA) Flashcards

1
Q

Foscarnet

A

hypocalcemia (pyrophosphate analog that chelates Ca) and hypomagnesemia (nephrotoxic wasting)

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2
Q

Gancyclovir

A

severe neutropenia (esp. together with antiretrovirals

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3
Q

Carbamazepine

A

bone marrow suppression, hepatotoxicity, and SIADH

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4
Q

Drugs famous for causing seizures

A

Bupropion, INH (given w/o B6), and Imipenem/Cilastatin

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5
Q

TCA (tricyclic antidepressant)

A

CV tox (ARRYTHMIAS!), Convulsions, Coma; urinary retention, orthostatic hypotension

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6
Q

Clozapine

A

agranulocytosis and seizures

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7
Q

MAOI

A

hypertensive crisis (w/ tyramine, sympathomimetics), serotonin syndrome (w/ SSRI, meperidine)

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8
Q

Trazodone

A

priapism

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9
Q

Olanzapine

A

weight gain

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10
Q

Ziprasidone

A

prolonged QT

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11
Q

Chlorpromazine

A

Corneal deposits

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12
Q

Thioridazine

A

Retinal deposits

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13
Q

Phenytoin

A

Gingival hyperplasia

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14
Q

Phenytoin

A

Pseudolymphoma (generalized LAD)

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15
Q

Valproic acid

A

Fatal hepatotoxicity (measure LFTs)

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16
Q

Lamotrigine

A

Stevens-Johnson syndrome

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17
Q

Phenytoin

A

Fetal hydantoin syndrome

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18
Q

Halothane

A

Massive hepatic necrosis

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19
Q

Mechanism of TCA cardiotoxicity

A

Blocking cardiac fast Na+ channels

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20
Q

Vancomycin

A

Red man syndrome (cutaneous flushing) dt rapid infusion

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21
Q

Methyldopa

A

direct Coombs-positive hemolytic anemia

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22
Q

Chloramphenicol

A

Gray baby syndrome

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23
Q

Megaloblastic anemia

A

Phenytoin, Methotrexate, Sulfa drugs (PMS)

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24
Q

Pulmonary fibrosis

A

Bleomycin, Amiodarone, Busulfan

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25
Q

Acute cholestatic hepatitis

A

Macrolides

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26
Q

INH

A

Hepatitis

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27
Q

Pseudomembranous colitis

A

Clindamycin, ampicillin, cephalosporins

28
Q

Hypothyroidism

A

Lithium, amiodarone

29
Q

Atropine-like side effects

A

TCA’s, antihistaminics

30
Q

Coronary vasospasm

A

Sumatriptan

31
Q

Dilated cardiomyopathy

A

Doxorubicin, Daunorubicin

32
Q

Heparin

A

Osteoporosis

33
Q

Photosensitivity

A

Sulfonamides, Amiodarone, Tetracycline (SAT)

34
Q

SLE-like syndrome

A

Hydralazine, IHN, Procainamide, Phenytoin (HIPP)

35
Q

Tendonitis/rupture

A

Fluoroquinolones

36
Q

Expired tetracycline

A

Fanconi’s syndrome

37
Q

Interstitial nephritis

A

Methicillin, furosemide, NSAIDs

38
Q

Cyclophosphamide

A

Hemorrhagic cystitis

39
Q

Quinidine

A

Cinchonism

40
Q

Reserpine

A

Depression, suicidality, parkinsonism (blocks vesicular storage of monoamines)

41
Q

Disulfiram-like rxn

A

Metronidazole, procarbazine, cephalosporins, sulfonylureas

42
Q

Nephrotoxicity/Neurotoxicity

A

Polymixins

43
Q

Nephrotoxicity/Ototoxicity

A

Aminoglycosides, Vancomycin, Cisplatin, Loop diuretics

44
Q

Cimetidine

A

Gynecomastia, P-450 inhibitor

45
Q

Ethylene glycol

A

Oxalic acid–>Calcium-oxalate crystals, metabolic acidosis, nephrotoxicity

46
Q

Methanol

A

Formaldehyde and formic acid–>Retinal damage, acidosis

47
Q

Ethanol

A

Acetaldehyde–>HA, N/V, hypotension

48
Q

Sulfa drugs (w/o sulfa in names)

A

Celecoxib, furosemide, thiazides, probenecid, acetazolamide

49
Q

Teratogenesis: alkylating agents

A

Absence of digits, etc.

50
Q

Teratogenesis: cocaine

A

Fetal addiction, placental abruption

51
Q

Teratogenesis: Diethylstilbestrol

A

Vaginal clear cell carcinoma

52
Q

Teratogenesis: Lithium

A

Ebstein’s anomaly (atrialized RV)

53
Q

Teratogenesis: maternal diabetes

A

Caudal regression syndrome, Sirenomelia

54
Q

Teratogenesis: smoking

A

Preterm labor, IUGR, ADHD, placental problems

55
Q

Teratogenesis: alcohol

A

Developmental retardation, microcephaly, holoprosencephaly, facial and limb abnormalities, heart and lung fistulas

56
Q

Teratogenesis: valproate

A

Neural tube defects (inhibits intestinal folate absorption)

57
Q

Teratogenesis: Vitamin A

A

SAB, birth defects (cleft palate, cardiac)

58
Q

Teratogenesis: Warfarin

A

Bone deformities, fetal hemorrhage, SAB

59
Q

Gynecomastia

A

Spironolactone, Digitalis, Cimetidine, Alcohol, Ketoconazole

60
Q

Testosterone

A

Gonadal atrophy, premature closure of epiphyseal plates, elevated LDL, lowered HDL

61
Q

Oral contraceptives

A

Elevated triglycerides, hypercoag, HTN, depression, wt gain

62
Q

Sildenafil

A

Impaired blue-green color vision, HA, flushing, dyspepsia, life-threatening hypotension with nitrates

63
Q

Common agents with antimuscarinic effects

A

Atropine, TCA, H1 antagonists, neuroleptics, and drugs for PD

64
Q

Ethambutol

A

Optic neuritis (red-green color blindness, central scotoma, decreased visual acuity)

65
Q

Peripheral edema and flushing

A

Amlodipine

Drug Toxicity from FA (1 decks)

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