Drug Side Effects, to Avoid in Conditions Flashcards
Side effects of steroids
STEROIDS PIE
Stomach ulcer Thin skin Edema Right and left heart failure Osteoporosis Infection Diabetes Syndrome of Cushing
Proximal myopathy
Insomnia, depression
Eyes: glaucoma, cataracts
Side effects of NSAIDS
No urine (AKI) Systolic dysfunction (heart failure) Asthma Indigestion Dyscrasia (clotting anomaly) Swelling (oedema)
Which type of hypertension drug can cause peripheral oedema
CCB
Which type of diuretic can cause gout
Loop diuretics
Which type of diuretic can cause gynaecomastia
K sparing diuretic (spironolactone)
Common side effect of beta blockers
Erectile dysfunction
Common side effect when ACEi is first started
Small rise in creatinine (<20percent)
No need to change prescription. Repeat UnEs after 1 week
Side effect of ondasetron
Prolonged QTc
Generally safe but avoid if prolonged QTc, give cyclizine instead
Common side effect of incretin mimics (-glutides)
Nausea and vomiting
Which type of hypertension drug can cause headache
CCB
How does carbamezapine affect electrolytes
Hyponatremia
due to SIADH
Serious side effect of lamotrigine
Steven Johnson’s
Common side effects of valproate
3 Ts
Tremor
Teratogenic
Tubby (weight gain)
What hypothyroidism drug can cause neutropenia
Carbimazole
Common side effects of phenytoin
- neuro
- mouth
- liver
Neuro: Ataxia, Peripheral neuropathy
Mouth: Gum hyperplasia
Liver: Hepatotoxicity
What cardiac drugs to avoid in heart failure
Verapamil (negative inotropic effect)
Flecainide for VT/ SVT (negative inotropic effect)
What type of patients should you never give compression stockings to
Peripheral artery disease
What diabetes drug to avoid in heart failure
Thiazolidinediones eg pioglitazone (causes fluid retention)
What painkillers to avoid in heart failure
NSAIDs, steroids (cause fluid retention)
except low dose aspirin, which is safe
What antiemetic to avoid in heart failure
Cyclizine (worsens peripheral oedema)
Use METOCLOPRAMIDE
Which antibiotics to avoid in pregnancy
tetracyclines
aminoglycosides (eg gentamycin)
Metronidazole
trimethoprim
Which long-term medications to avoid in pregnancy
ACEi/ARB
Statins
Warfarin
Sulfonylureas
Which drugs to avoid in asthma
B blockers
NSAIDs
Adenosine (use verapamil instead)
Drugs that prolong QT interval
Cardiac
Amiodarone
Sotalol
CCB rate limiting
Drugs that prolong QT interval
Antihistamines
Terfenadine
Drugs that prolong QT interval
Antibiotics/ antifungals
Macrolides (eg clarithromycin)
Quinolones (eg ciprofloxacin)
Antifungals: fluconazole, ketoconazole
Drugs that prolong QT interval
Antipsychotics
Most antipsychotics
Drugs that prolong QT interval
Antiemetics
Domperidone
Drugs that worsen hepatic encephalopathy
Sedatives, opioids
Constipating drugs
Loop and thiazide diuretics
Drugs that worsen ascites in chronic liver disease
NSAIDs
Steroids
What hypertension drug to avoid in aortic stenosis
ACEi
In T1DM, excessive alcohol causes hyper or hypoglycaemia
Excess alcohol = Hypoglycaemia
