Drug References Flashcards
PIs do not include…
off-label uses or drug costs
package insert locations
DailyMed, Drugs@FDA, drug manufacturer’s website, attached to physical product
BOXED WARNING
strictest warnings; alerts prescribers to risk of death or permanent diability
general drug information sources
- American Hospital Formulary Service (AFHS)
- Clinical Pharmacology
- Epocrates/Epocrates +
- Facts & Comparisons eAnswers
- Lexicomp
- Micromedex
- Prescriber’s Digital Reference (mobilePDR)
- PubChem (NLM)
- Drugs.com
- RxList
What drug information resources offer IV drug compatibility?
- AHFS
- Clinical Pharmacology (via Trissel’s)
- Facts & Comparisons eAnswers (via Trissel’s)
- Lexicomp (via Trissel’s)
- Micromedex (via Trissel’s)
What drug information sources provide drug-pill ID?
- Clinical Pharmacology
- Drugs.com
- Epocrates/Epocrates+
- Facts & Comparisons eAnswers
- Lexicomp (Lexi-Drug ID)
- Micromedex (IDENTIDEX)
What drug information sources provide pricing?
- Clinical Pharmacology
- Drugs.com
- Epocrates/Epocrates+
- Lexicomp
- Micromedex (Red Book)
What drug information resources provide international drug names?
- AHFS (via USP Dictionary of USAN and Internation Drug Names)
- Clinical Pharmacology (via Index Nominum)
- Drugs.com
- Facts & Comparisons eAnswers (via Martindale)
- Lexicomp (via Martindale)
- Micromedex (via Martindale, Index Nominum, & others)
What does Pharmacist’s Letter include?
Subscribers receive a monthly newsletter & have access to:
- new drug approvals, drug withdrawals, new dosage forms, first-time generics
- charts (e.g., drug class comparisons, disease state treatment summaries)
- patient education summaries & patient flyers
- CE
- training materials for techs & interns
guidelines for anticoagulation
Guidelines from the American College of Chest Physicians (known as CHEST guidelines):
- Stroke Prevention in AFib
- Venous Thromboembolism
guidelines for CV diseases
ACC/AHA:
- ACS
- AFib
- HF
- High Cholesterol
- HTN
guidelines for diabetes
AACE, ADA
guidelines for infectious diseases
- IDSA
- HIV/AIDS: US Dept. of Health and Human Services (ClinicalInfo.HIV.gov)
- STIs: CDC
guidelines for oncology
American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN)
guidelines for pediatrics
American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
guidelines for pregnancy/women’s health
ACOG
guidelines for psych conditions
American Psychiatric Association (APA) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5)
guidelines for asthma
GINA and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
guidelines for COPD
GOLD
guidelines for renal disease
KDIGO
guidelines for vaccines
ACIP, CDC
references for adverse reactions
ASHP’s Drug-Induced Diseases: Prevention, Detection, and Management
FDAble - FDA searchable database
- MedWatch: FDA’s Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS)
- Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS)
- etc.
Meyler’s Side Effects of Drugs
references for compounding & pharmaceutics
- Allen’s The Art, Science, and Technology of Pharmaceutical Compounding
- ASHP Guidelines on Compounding Sterile Preparations
- Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients
- Safety Data Sheets (SDS)
- Merck Index: An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, & Biologicals
- Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy
- Trissel’s Stability of Compounded Formulations
- USP Compounding Compendium: USP 795, 797, 800, USP-NF
- etc.
specialty references for drug interactions
Hansten and Horn’s
Drug Interaction Facts: Facts & Comparisons
references for drug pricing
Red Book (Micromedex)
Medi-Span Price Rx
references for drug shrotages
- ASHP Current Drug Shortages
- FDA Drug Shortages
- CDC Current Vaccine Shortages & Delays
- AHFS CDI
references for drug subsitution
- FDA’s Orange Book - therapeutic equivalence
- FDA’s Purple Book - biosimilarity or interchangeability
specialty references for geriatrics
- American Geriatric Society (AGS) Beers Criteria
- Others: ASHP’s Fundamentals of Geriatric Pharmacotherapy, Geriatric Dosage Handbook (Lexicomp)
references for immunizations (adult and peds)
- CDC Advisory Committee on immunization Practices (ACIP) -> updates published in Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)
- CDC Pink Book
- Immunization Action Coalition
Others: APhA Immunization Center; Vaccines, Blood & Biologics (FDA)
specialty references for infectious diseases
IDSA, Sanford Guide to Antimicrobial Therapy
specialty references for HIV
HIVInfo.NIH.gov
Others: Sanford Guide to HIV/AIDS Therapy, John Hopkins ABX and HIV guides
specialty references for travel medicine
World Health Organization (WHO)
CDC
- Yellow Book: for international travel
- Traveler’s Health
Others: ISTM, IAMAT
specialty references for internation drug info
- Index Nominum
- Martindale
- USP Dictionary of United States Adopted Names (USAN) and International Drug Names
Others: Drug Information Handbook with International Trade Names Index (Lexicomp), European Drug Index
reference for investigational drugs
Clinicaltrials.gov (NIH)
references for IV drug compatibility & stability
- ASHP’s Handbook on Injectable Drugs
- King Guide
- Trissel’s 2 Clinical Pharmaceutics Database
references for med safety
- FDA MedWatch - report adverse events & med errors
- ISMP - report med errors to ISMP Medication Errors Reporting Program (ISMP MERP)
- NIOSH
- FDA
references for natural products/alternative medicine
Natural Medicines Database
Others: Dietary Supplements Label Database (NIH), USP Dietary Supplements Compendium
references for overdoses, poisoning, & toxicology
- Lexi-Tox (Lexicomp)
- Micromedex Toxicology Management (previously POISONDEX)
- TOXLINE in PubMed
Others: Goldfrank’s Toxicologic Emergencies, State Poison Control Center, American Association of Poison Control Centers
specialty references for pharmacology
Goodman and Gilman’s, Katzung’s Basic and Clinical Pharmacology
references for pregnancy & lactation
Brigg’s, CDC, Hale’s, LactMed, Micromedex, MotherToBaby
references for pediatrics
- NeoFax (Micromedex)
- Pediatric & Neonatal Dosage Handbook (Lexicomp)
- Red Book: Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases (AAP)
- Harriet Lane Handbook
- AAP
Others: ASHP’s Pediatric Injectable Drugs, Nelson, PPA’s KIDs list
references for regulatory & business development
FDA Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER), Pink Sheet
references for therapeutics & disease management
- DiPiro’s
- Handbook of Nonprescription Drugs
- Koda-Kimble’s Applied Therapeutics
- The Merck Manual
- UpToDate
Others: CDC, Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, Medscape
veterinary reference
Plumb’s Veterinary Drug Handbook
What rating in the Orange Book indicates generic substitution is acceptable?
AB rating indicates therapeutic equivalence
Pink Book (CDC)
info on epidemiology & vaccine-preventable diseases
Pink Sheet (Pharma Intelligence)
news reports on regulatory, legislative, legal, & business developments
Red Book, Pharmacy
drug pricing information
Red Book, Pediatrics (AAP)
summaries of pediatric infectious diseases, antimicrobial tx, & vaccinations
Yellow Book (CDC)
info on the health risks of international travel, required vaccines, & prophylaxis meds
Green Book (FDA)
info on approved animal drug products
common research databases
- PubMed: accesses MEDLINE (journal articles), free service from NLM
- Cochrane Library: evidence-based information to guide clinical decision making; database of Cochrane Systematic Reviews
resources that are patient-friendly
- CDC has a symptom checker & provides info on ID, immunizations, & traveler’s health
- Drugs.com and RxList
- Mayo Clinic
- Medline Plus (from NLM)
- WebMD has pill identifier & interaction checker
- etc.
