Drug Quiz 4 Flashcards
Atropine, Narcan, Nasal Spray, and Pralidoxime
what is parasympatholytic?
A class of drugs that work against/block the parasympathetic nervous system.
Describe the three ways Atropine works.
1) blocks acetylcholine receptors
2) increases heart rate
3) decreases gastrointestinal secretions
what kind of poisoning indicates for the use of atropine?
Organophosphate poisoning
Organophosphate poisons include…
5
Sarin Pesticides Insecticides Cyanide Mustard gas
What would indicate that patient should not recieve Atropine? A. Tachycardia B. Nothing in an emergency setting C. Hypotension D. Upset stomach
B. Nothing in the emergency setting
What is one indication for the administration of Atropine?
A. Acute ingested poisonings
B. Erectile dysfunction
C. Pulmonary Embolism
D. Hemodynamically significant Bradycardia
D.Hemodynamically significant Bradycardia
Side effects of atropine include:
7
Dizziness Headache Dialated pupils Urine Retention Tachycardia Anxiety Dry Mouth Palpitations
Before the administration of the Atropine, the EMT should A. Call medical control B. Check blood pressure C. Control the airway D. Nothing in the emergency setting
A. Call medical control
If a patient has tachycardia, the EMT should NOT administer atropine.
FALSE.
just use precaution
Atropine cannot be administered in a patient with hypertension.
FALSE.
just use precaution
What is the route of atropine?
Intramuscular.
How MUST atropine be administered?
Via auto-injector
What is a precaution involved with Naloxone (Narcan)? A. Hypertension B. Patient with COPD C. Short acting D. None in the emergency setting
C. Short acting
Overdose state can return.
Name the two precautions using Naloxone?
Can cause witdrawal symptoms
Short acting
What class of drug is Narcan classified as?
Narcotic antagonist
What is the over all effect of Naloxone?
Reversing the effects of Narcotics
Because of the abrupt reversal of a narcotic, side effects of Narcan include:
(8)
Seizures Tremulousness Vomiting Nausea Sweating Tachycardia Increase in blood pressure cardiac arrest
Narcan can cause Cardiac Arrest.
True.
The Adult dosage for Naloxone is A. .3 mg B. 400-800mg C. 2.5-5mg D. 0.4-2mg
D. 0.4-2mg
What is route for Narcan?
Nasally via atomizer
A school child weighs 35kg, How much Narcan can you give them? A. 3.5mg B. 2 mg C. not indicated for children D. One tablet
B. 2mg
THE MAX PED DOSE IS 2 mg
You gave a 6 year old child 1.9 mg of Naloxone. It seems to have no effect, what should you do? A. Administer again in 5 minutes B. Assume the child will not survive. C. Initiate CPR D. Administer epinephrine
A. Administer again in 5 minutes
The pediatric Naloxone dose is __________ nasally via atomizer.
0.1 mg per kg
max 2mg
Narcan can be administered in comatose state of unknown origin to rule out narcotic overdose.
True.
Narcan is indicated for
Narcotic overdose
Synthetic analgesic overdose
What is the drug class of Oxymetazoline?
Vasoconstrictor
What is the contraindication of Nasal Spray? A. COPD B. Significant hypertension C. Significant hypotension D. Hypersensitivity
B. Significant Hypertension
There are NO precautions for nasal spray/Oxymetazoline
True
When should nasal spray be administered?
Epistaxis (nose bleed)
Nasal Intubation
The pediatric dose for nasal spray.
1-2 sprays IN AFFECTED NOSTRIL.
The adult dosage for nasal spray.
2 sprays IN AFFECTED NOSTRIL
Side effects of oxymetazoline include:
4
Sneezing/Burning
Stinging
Dryness
Nostril Irritation
keep in mind that side effects are usually mild
What is the contraindication of Narcan? A. COPD B. Significant hypertension C. Significant hypotension D. Hypersensitivity
D. Hypersensitivity
Pralidoxime should be administered before Atropine.
FALSE.
2-PAM SHOULD ONLY FOLLOW ATROPINE ADMINISTRATION
What is the ped and adult dosage for 2-Pam?
one auto-injector then per medical control.
Something to remember about 2-Pam
Ensure YOUR safety and protection and safety of other emergency personnel.
Side effects of Pralidoxime
Erratic behavior
Excitement
_______, _______, and ________ can occur following rapid administration.
Laryngospasm, tachycardia, and muscle rigidity.
What are/is the contraindication(s) of pralidoxime?
Poisonings other than organophosphates
Indications of severe organophosphate poisoning where 2-pam should be administered?
(3)
Muscle twitching. respiratory depression, and paralysis
What class is 2-pam?
Cholinesterase reactivator
The 2 functions of 2-pam?
Reactivates cholinesterase [in cases of organophosphates]
deactivates certain organophos. by direct chemical reaction
