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Drug Names > Drug Names > Flashcards

Drug Names Flashcards

1
Q

levothyroxine

A

use: to treat acquired or congenital hypothroidism

drug category: thyroid hormone replacement

little to no impact of drug itself

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2
Q

lisinopril

A

use: to treat high blood pressure, congestive heart failure. Helps prevent renal damage

drug category: antihypertensive, ACE inhibitor

side effects: orthostatic hypotension

OH significance: xerostomia, coughing, dysguesia

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3
Q

atorvastatin

A

use: a synthetic lipid-lowering agent, prevention of cardiovascular disease

drug category: antihyperlipidemic, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor

side effects: none

OH significance: unusual presentations of muscle weakness or myopathy

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4
Q

metformin hydrochloride

A

uses: management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

drug category: antidiabetic agent, biguanide

side effects: diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, flatulence

OH significance: taste disorder; not related to medication but diabetic patients are at risk for periodontitis, xerostomia, oral yeast infections, delayed healing, increased risk of infection

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5
Q

amlodipine besylate

A

uses: treatment of hypertension, symptomatic chronic stable angina (chest pain)

drug category: antihypertensive, calcium channel blocker

side effects: peripheral edema in >10%

OH significance: gingival hyperplasia, rare occurrence of xerostomia, orthostatic hypotension, erythema multiforme

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6
Q

metoprolol tartrate

A

uses: treatment of angina pectoris, hypertension, hemo-dynamically stable acute myocardial infarction

drug category: cardiovascular agent, antihypertensive, beta blocker, cardioselective

side effects: hypotension, bradycardia, dizziness, fatigue

OH significance: long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication may reduce therapeutic effect of beta-blockers, short term is fine; no restriction on epinephrine use

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7
Q

omeprazole

A

uses: treatment of ulcers, GERD

drug category: anti-GERD, proton pump inhibitor

side effects: headache, diarrhea, vomiting, dizziness

OH significance: xerostomia, taste perversion, esophageal candidiasis, mucosal atrophy

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8
Q

simvastatin

A

uses: lowers lipid in the blood, prevention of heart disease & cardiovascular events in high risk individuals

drug category: antihyperlipidemic, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor

side effects: abdominal pain, diarrhea, indigestion, muscle cramps

OH significance: little to no impact; unusual presentation of muscle weakness or myopathy

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9
Q

losartan potassium

A

uses: treatment of hypertension, diabetic nephropathy

drug category: antihypertensive, angiotensin II receptor blocker

side effects: fatigue, orthostatic hypotension, dizziness

OH significance: orthostatic hypotension

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10
Q

albuterol

A

use: treatment of asthma

drug category: anti-asthma

side effects: excitement in children, tremor, tachycardia

OH significance: xerostomia

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11
Q

gabapentin

A

use: used in dentistry for neuropathic pain

drug category: anticonvulsant

side effects: dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue

OH significance: xerostomia

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12
Q

hydrochlorothiazide

A

use: treatment of mild to moderate hypertension, edema, congestive hart failure

drug category: antihypertensive cardiovascular agent, diuretic

side effects: orthostatic hypotension

OH significance: orthostatic hypotension

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13
Q

hydrocodone and acetaminophen

A

uses: for moderate to severe pain relief, commonly used for post-operative pain

drug category: opioid narcotic analgesic, semi-synthetic opioid derived from codeine

side effects: respiratory depression, nausea, sedation, constipation

OH significance: may be habit forming, xerostomia, no anti-inflammatory properties

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14
Q

sertraline

A

uses: treatment of anxiety or depression, OCD, panic disorder, PTST, pre-menstrual dysphoric disorder, social anxiety disorder, eating disorders

drug category: anti-depressant, SSRI (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor)

side effects: dizziness, fatigue, other CNS side effects

OH significance: xerostomia, potential to cause prolonged bleeding time when used with aspirin, NSAIDs, or other anticoagulants

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15
Q

furosemide

A

uses: management of edema associated with heart failure and hepatic or renal disease, acute pulmonary edema, tx of hypertension

drug category: antihypertensive, diuretic, loop

side effects: various

OH significance: none

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16
Q

fluticasone

A

uses: nasal spray - management of nasal symptoms of allergic/non allergic rhinitis
oral inhalation: asthma control maintenance

drug category: synthetic corticosteroid, nasal, allergies

side effects: fatigue, malaise, oral candidiasis, upper respiratory infections

OH significance: may get opportunistic yeast infection (Candida albicans or Aspergillus niger)

17
Q

acetaminophen

A

uses: treatment of post-operative pain

drug category: analgesic, non-opioid

side effects: hepatotoxicity risk when acetaminophen and alcohol are consumed in the same time period

OH significance: caution in use with patients who consume alcohol, with liver disease, affect bleeding in patients taking warfarin

18
Q

amoxicillin

A

uses: to treat bacterial infections, commonly used for oral infections, prophylactic treatment for infective endocarditis

drug category: antibiotic penicillin type

side effects: long term antibiotic use may result in yeast infections of mucosa (candidiasis), birth control pills

OH significance: avoid in patient allergic to penicillin, candidiasis

19
Q

alprazolam

A

uses: to treat anxiety disorders, panic disorders, depressions, also used for sedation for dental procedures prior to treatment

drug category: anti-anxiety, benzodiazepine

side effects: CNS effects

OH significance: xerostomia, addictive

20
Q

atenolol

A

uses: treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris

drug category: antihypertensive, anti-anginal agent, beta blocker

OH significance: orthostatic hypotension, no restriction with epinephrine use

21
Q

warfarin

A

uses: blood thinner, prophylaxis & treatment of venous thrombosis

drug category: anticoagulant

side effects: bleeding, hemorrhage, angina, dizziness

OH significance: mouth ulcers, taste disturbance, overdoes - bleeding from gingival tissue

22
Q

ibuprofen

A

uses: tx of mild to moderate oral pain, swelling

drug category: NSAID

side effects: GI bleeding/ulcer

OH significance: preoperative use of ibuprofen may decrease post-operative swelling and hasten healing time

23
Q

warfarin

A

uses: blood thinner, prophylaxis and treatment of venous thrombosis

drug category: anticoagulant

side effects: bleeding hemorrhage, angina, dizziness

OH significance: mouth ulcers, taste disturbance, warfarin overdose appear as bleeding in gingival tissue

24
Q

oxycodone and acetaminophen

A

uses: moderate to severe pain

drug category: analgesic, opioid

side effects: nausea, sedation, constipation

OH significance: xerostomia, addictive

25
Q

citalopram

A

uses: tx of major depressive disorder

drug category: anti-depressant, SSRI

OH significance: SSRI-induced bruxism, potential to cause prolonged bleeding, esp if used with aspirin, NSAIDs; vasoconstrictors (epinephrine) use with caution

26
Q

insulin glargine

A

uses: tx of diabetes mellitus, types 1 & 2

drug category: insulin, long acting

side effects: hypoglycemia

OH significance: watch for hypoglycemia

27
Q

montelukast

A

uses: prophylaxis & tx of asthma, allergic rhinitis

drug category: anti-asthmatic, leukotriene-receptor antagonist

side effects: headache, dizziness, fatigue

OH significance: may cause dental pain

28
Q

trazodone hydrochloride

A

uses: tx of unipolar major depressive disorder

drug category: anti-depressant, SSRI

OH significance: xerostomia, vasoconstrictors to be used with care

29
Q

pantoprazole

A

uses: treatment of GERD

drug category: anti-GERD, proton pump inhibitor

side effects: headaches, nausea, vomiting

OH significance: xerostomia

30
Q

escitalopram

A

uses: tx of major depressive disorder

drug category: anti-depressant, SSRI

side effects: headache

OH significance: xerostomia, SSRI-induced bruxism, prolonged bleeding esp used with aspirin, NSAIDs, anticoagulants

31
Q

pravastatin sodium

A

uses: lowers lipid in blood, prevention of heart disease

drug category: antihyperlipidemic, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor

OH significance: unusual presentation of muscle weakness or myopathy

32
Q

bupropion

A

uses: tx of major depressive disorders, smoking cessation

drug category: antidepressant, dopamine/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor

side effects: tachycardia

OH significance: vasconstrictors in local anesthetics administered with caution, xerostomia
infrequent: abnormal taste, oral ulcers, stomatitis, tongue edema, glossitis, gingivitis

33
Q

fluoxetine

A

uses: tx of biopolar depression, OCD, bulimia nervosa, panic disorder

drug category: antidepressant, SSRI

OH significance: xerostomia, SSRI-induced bruxism, potential to caused prolonged bleeding time esp when used with aspirin, NSAID, anticoagulants, vasoconstrictor used with caution

34
Q

carvedilol

A

uses: tx of heart failure, hypertension

drug category: antihypertensive, beta blocker w alpha-blocking activity

side effects: orthostatic hypotension

Drug Names (1 decks)

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