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LSM3211 drugs > Drug names > Flashcards

Drug names Flashcards

1
Q

Hemicholinium

A

Cholinergic
Inhibits Choline uptake into neuron for packaging

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2
Q

Vesamicol

A

Cholinergic
Inhibits VChAT

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3
Q

Botulinum Toxin

A

Cholinergic
Inhibits Ach release (dystonia, cosmetics)

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4
Q

Pralidoxine

A

Cholinergic
Reactivates AchE (after phosphorylation by organophosphates)

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5
Q

Bethanecol

A

Cholinergic
Non-selective muscarinic agonist (urinary retention, GI hypotonia)

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6
Q

Pylocarpine

A

Cholinergic
Glaucoma (M3)

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7
Q

Atropine

A

Cholinergic Non-selective muscarinic antagonist

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8
Q

Neostigmine

A

Cholinergic nicotinic
AChE inhibitors, Drug to treat myasthenia gravis

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9
Q

Erdophonium

A

Cholinergic nicotinic
AcheE inhibitor, used to diagnose myasthenia gravis

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10
Q

Succinylcholine

A

Cholinergic nicotinic Depolarising blocker (muscle relaxant, aids rapid intubation)

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11
Q

Pancuronium

A

Cholinergic nicotinic
Non-depolarising competitive blocker/antagonist (muscle relaxant)

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12
Q

Epinephrine/Norepinephrine

A

Adrenergic

a/b agonist (anaphylactic shock, cardiac arrest)

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13
Q

Phenylephrine

A

Adrenergic

a1 agonist (vasoconstriction - nasal decongestion)

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14
Q

Clonidine

A

Adrenergic

a2 partial agonist (feedback inhibition - anti-hypertensive agent + decreased sympathetic activity)

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15
Q

Salbutamol

A

Adrenergic + anti-asthmatic

SABA & B2 agonist (bronchodilator - asthma drug/premature labour)

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16
Q

Propanolol

A

Adrenergic

Non-selective B antagonist (hypertension, cardiac dysrythmia)

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17
Q

A-methyl-P-tyrosine

A

Adrenergic

Inhibits tyrosine hydroxylase (converts tyrosine to L-DOPA) = lower NA production (treats phaechromocytoma - overactive adrenergic system with excess NA)

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18
Q

Reserpine

A

Adrenergic
Inhibits VMaT = lower Na production + higher NA destruction by MAO

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19
Q

Amphetamine

A

Adrenergic
Sympathomimetic, increases NA release, reduces NA destruction = stronger signal

Has mild inhibitory effects on MOA!

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20
Q

Tyramine

A

Adrenergic
Sympathomimetic, increases NA release, reduces NA destruction = stronger signal

Depends on MOA to be broken down!

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21
Q

Cocaine

A

Adrenergic
Inhibits NET (reduces NA uptake)

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22
Q

Moclobemide

A

Adrenergic
Inhibits MOA (anti-depressant drug, elevates mood via preventing NA breakdown!)

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23
Q

Diphenhydramine

A

1st class antihistamine

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24
Q

Chlorpheniramine

A

1st class antihistamine

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25
Q

Promethazine

A

1st class antihistamine

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26
Q

Citirizine

A

2nd class antihistamine

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27
Q

Faxofenadine

A

2nd class antihistamine

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28
Q

Loratidine

A

2nd class antihistamine

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29
Q

Aspirin

A

NSAID Irreversibly inhibits COX1/2 (more cox 1 than 2)

30
Q

Ibuprofen

A

NSAID non-selective inhibitor of COX1/2 (more cox 1 than 2)

31
Q

Naproxen

A

NSAID non-selective inhibitor of COX1/2 (more cox 1 than 2)

32
Q

Paracetemol

A

NSAID cox 3 selective inhibitor (CNS)

33
Q

Celecoxib

A

NSAID cox 2 selective inhibitor (increases Thromboxane = favours platelet aggregation = risk of thrombosis)

34
Q

Hydrocortisone

A

Corticosteroid
Hydrolysed cortisone

35
Q

Prednisone

A

Corticosteroid
cortisone + 1,2 double bond (high duration of action, low water retention)

36
Q

Prednisolone

A

Corticosteroid
hydrocortisone (cortisol) + 1,2 double bond (high duration of action, low water retention)

37
Q

Methylprednisolone

A

Corticosteroid
prednisolone + 6-methyl (high DOA, no water retention)

38
Q

Dexamethasone

A

Corticosteroid
methylprednisolone + 9-F + 16-methyl
(highest DOA, very potent, no water retention, anti-inflammatory!)

39
Q

Ciclosporin

A

Immunosuppresant - Calcineurin inhibitor

40
Q

Sirolimus

A

Immunosuppresant - mTOR inhibitor

41
Q

Azathioprine

A

Immunosuppresant - cytotoxic agent (can cause bone marrow depression: decreased WBC, RBC, platelet etc. levels)

42
Q

Mycophenolate mofetil

A

Immunosuppresant
cytotoxic agent (inhibits IMPDH required for purine synthesis)

43
Q

Fingolimod

A

Immunosuppresant - S1P receptor agonist (multiple sclerosis)

Receptor downregulation, decreased lymphocyte circulation and infiltration into CNS

44
Q

Fluticasone

A

Anti-asthmatic
Inhaled corticosteroid for asthma (anti-inflammatory)

45
Q

Montelukast

A

Anti-asthmatic
Leukotriene (mucus secretion, bronchoconstriction) inhibitor

46
Q

Formoterol

A

Anti-asthmatic LABA (long acting B2 agonist) - bronchodilation

B2 = increased cAMP production = increased Ca2+ = smooth muscle relaxation

Typical asthmatic treatment: Formoterol + inhaled corticosteroids

47
Q

Theophylline

A

Anti-asthmatic drug

Inhibits PDE (aka stops cAMP –> 5’AMP conversion)
- cAMP: promotes bronchodilation

48
Q

Ipatropium bromide

A

Anti-asthmatic

non-selective SAMA (short acting muscarinic antagonist) - bronchodilation

Inhibits M3 = inhibits bronchoconstriction & decreased mucus secretion + inflammation etc.

49
Q

Tiotropium bromide

A

Anti-asthmatic

non-selective LAMA (long acting muscarinic antagonist) for bronchodilation

More potent than ipatropium bromide

50
Q

Sildenafil citrate (Viagra)

A

PDE5 (cGMP specific) inhibitor (shorter DOA, treats erectile dysfunction)

SE: blue tinted vision (cross inhibition with PDE6)

AVOID with NO producing agents!

51
Q

Tadalafil

A

PDE5 (cGMP specific) inhibitor (Long DOA, treats erectile dysfunction)

AVOID with NO producing agents!

52
Q

Roflumilast

A

PDE 4 (cAMP specific) inhibitor (COPD)

53
Q

Nitroprusside

A

NO containing & releasing agent (anti-hypertensive agent!)

54
Q

Nitroglycerine

A

NO containing & releasing agent (angina pectoris - chest pain due to narrowed blood vessels)

55
Q

Morphine

A

Analgesic agonist of U-opioid receptor (GPCR)

56
Q

Calcitonin

A

Agonist of calcitonin GPCR (aids Ca2+ regulation)

57
Q

Activated charcoal

A

A form of chemical antagonism (neutralises toxins before reaching receptor; i.e. antagonised in solution)

58
Q

Mannitol

A

Osmotic diuretics (anti-hypertensive)

Increases proximal tubule & loop of Henle osmotic pressure = increased loss of both solute and water

59
Q

Aluminium hydroxide

A

Antacid (Treats GIT ulcers)

Alkali, neutralises gut acidity

60
Q

Magnesium hydroxide

A

Antacid

Alkali, neutralises gut acidity

61
Q

Lidocaine

A

Na+ channel blocker (Local anaesthetic agent)

62
Q

Verapamil

A

Ca2+ channel blocker
In heart: treats tachyarrhythmia + angina
In smooth muscles: treats hypertension (reduces Ca2+ influx = vasodilation)

63
Q

Benzodiazepine

A

GABA receptor (bind = increase Cl- opening and influx = hyperpolarisation = suppressed neuronal activity)

Sedative/anti-anxiety/anaesthetics agonists

64
Q

a-bungarotoxin

A

Non-depolarising antagonist for nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (can cause paralysis)

65
Q

Enalapril

A

ACE inhibitors (decreases angiotensin II = vasodilation = lower blood pressure)

ALSO increases bradykinin (peptide that promotes inflammation), which vasodilates!!

66
Q

Captopril

A

ACE inhibitors (decreases angiotensin II = vasodilation = lower blood pressure)

ALSO increases bradykinin (peptide that promotes inflammation), which vasodilates!!

67
Q

Losartan

A

AT1 (angiotensin receptor 1) blocker so angiotensin II cannot bind

Treats hypertension (similar effectiveness to ACE inhibitors, but lower cough incidence)

68
Q

Valsartan

A

AT1 (angiotensin receptor 1) blocker so angiotensin II cannot bind

Treats hypertension (similar effectiveness to ACE inhibitors, but lower cough incidence)

69
Q

Aliskiren

A

Renin inhibitor (long DOA - treats hypertension)

70
Q

Desmopressin

A

V2 selective Vasopressin receptor agonist (long DOA)

Treats Diabetes inspidus (no ADH = high volumes of dilute urine) –> Desmopressin stimulates water reabsorption = decreases urine volume to normal volumes

71
Q

Conivaptan

A

Non-selective vasopression receptor antagonist

Treatment for hyponaetremia (low Na+ levels) caused by SIADH (excessive ADH)

LSM3211 drugs (1 decks)

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