Drug Metabolism Flashcards
What kind of element is Metabolism?
-Pharmacokinetics element
What is drug metabolism?
The enzymatic conversion of a drug to a chemical entity
If drug has phase 1 metabolism what also likely to have?
Phase 2 metabolism
Can some drugs skip Phase 1 Metabolism?
-Yes and can go straight to Phase 2
What can affect drug metabolism?
- Type of Drug Delivery (IV or Oral)
- Other x4 Pharmacokinetics Elements–Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism and Excretion
What is Bioavailability?
-Is portion (conc.) of drug available due to what phases of metabolism passed through after administration
What type of delivery avoids Phase 1 Metabolism?
-IV
What is ‘First Past Metabolism’ affect?
- The reduction of a drug concentration before enters systemic circulation
- Due metabolism
What X4 reactions takes place in Phase 1 Metabolism?
- Catabolic
- Oxidation
- Reduction
- Hydrolysis
What is the location of Phase 1 AND Phase 2 Metabolism?
-Liver
What does Phase 1 Metabolism form?
-Reactive Metabolites
What are reactive metabolites and their function?
pharmacologically active and can be toxic.)
-Terminates all biological activity except for the ONE metabolite formed in phase 1
What System of enzymes do Reactive Metabolites involve?
-p450 System Enzymes-Prosthetic groups
What X2 Reactions does Phase 2 metabolism involve?
- Less reactions as later phase
- -Anabolic (Synthesis)
- Conjugation (attachment of functional group)
What happens and is formed in Phase 2 Metabolism?
- Conjugation (combination) of a functional group from a polar molecule + metabolite formed in Phase 1
- Results in inactive products
- Terminates ALL Biological activity
- Excreted via urine
