Drug List Flashcards
Hemicholinium
Stops uptake of choline at neuromuscular junction
Prevent synthesis of acetylcholine
AH5183 (Vesamicol)
Stops storage mechanism of acetylcholine at neuromuscular junction
Botulinum toxin (botox)
Stops acetylcholine from releasing at neuromuscular junction
Mg2+
Block Ca2+ channel
Stops acetylcholine from releasing at neuromuscular junction
Suxamethonium
Produce prolonged depolarisation
2 ACh binded together
Depolarising muscle relaxants, used for short period muscle relaxation
Neostigmine
Anticholinesterase
Treat myasthenic gravis
Can be used to reverse muscle relaxant effect
Edrophonium
Anticholinesterase
Tubocurarine
Reversible competitive antagonists of NAChR
Act as muscle relaxants
Vecuronium
Reversible competitive antagonists of NAChR
Act as muscle relaxants
Atracurium
Reversible competitive antagonists of NAChR
Act as muscle relaxants
Pancuronium
Reversible competitive antagonists of NAChR
Act as muscle relaxants
Pilocarpine
Muscarinic agonists
Treat glaucoma
Bethanechol
Muscarinic agonists
Stimulates gut motility
Assists bladder emptying
Atropine
Non-selective muscarinic antagonists
Block secretions, mild tachycardia
Dilates pupil
Hyoscine
Muscarinic antagonists
Block mucous secretions
Anti-motion sickness drug
Ipratropium
Muscarinic antagonists Treat asthma (Bronchodilator)
Tolterodine
Muscarinic antagonists
Treat urinary incontinence
Hexamethonium
Nicotinic antagonists
Anti-hypertensive drug, reduce blood pressure
Trimetaphan
Nicotinic antagonists
Lower blood pressure, reduce bleeding
Rarely used in surgery
Dyflos
Anticholinesterase
Irreversible
Parathion
Anticholinesterase
Irreversible
Phosphorylate the esteratic site
Ecothiopate
Anticholinesterase
Irreversible
Phosphorylate the esteratic site
Treat glaucoma
Pralidoxime
Reative phosphorylated cholinesterase (BChE)
a-methyl-p-tyrosine
Block tyrosine hydroxylase
Prevent Tyrosine –> L-DOPA
Used in treatment of tumours of adrenal medulla
Carbidopa
Block Dopa Decarboxylase (DDC)
Used to treat Parkinson’s disease (given with L-Dopa)
Reserpine
Block vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT)
Prevent storage of noradrenaline
Used as an anti-hypertensive drug (lower blood pressure)
Guanthidine
Block release of catecholamines (NA/Adrenaline)
Imipramine
Block Uptake 1
Enhance sympathetic neurotransmission
Tricycle antidepressants
Amitriptyline
Block Uptake 1
Enhance sympathetic neurotransmission
Tricycle antidepressants
Monoamine oxidase inhibitor
Prevent breakdown of NA / adrenaline
Must alter their diet, prevent high level of tyramine
Amphetamine
Displaces NA from storage sites
Enter to presynaptic knob by Uptake 1 mechanism
Increase NA release
Tyramine
Taken up into nerve terminals by NET (Uptake 1)
Causes release of cathecolamines
Effects are increased by MAO inhibitors
Cocaine
Block reuptake transport into nerve terminals (Uptake 2)
Imipramine
Block reuptake of NA at nerve endings
Anti-depressive drug
Phenylephrine
alpha-1 adrenoceptor agonists
Treat hypotension and nasal congestion
Tizanidine
alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonists
Acts as muscle relaxant
Isoprenaline
beta-selective adrenoceptor agonists
Used for acute heart block treatment
Salbutamol
beta-2 adrenoceptor agonists
Treat asthma
Dobutamine
beta-1 adrenoceptor agonists
Increase cardiac output
Phenoxybenzamine
Non-selective alpha-adrenoceptor blocker
irreversible
Used in treatment of phaechromocytoma (adrenal gland tissue tumour)
Phentolamine
Non-selective alpha-adrenoceptor blocker
Reversible
Used in treatment of phaechromocytoma (adrenal gland tissue tumour)
Prazosin
alpha-1 block
Used as antihypertensive
Labetalol
non-selective beta-adrenoceptor blocker
Used to treat stable congestive heart failure
Reduce arterial blood pressure
Carveldilol
non-selective beta-adrenoceptor blocker
Used to treat stable congestive heart failure
Reduce arterial blood pressure
Propanolol
Selective beta blocker
Treat disturbances of cardiac rhythm, myocardial infarction and angina
Metoprolol
Selective beta-1 blocker
Treat disturbances of cardiac rhythm, myocardial infarction and angina
