Drug List

Question 1

Acetylcholine = drug classification?

Answer 1

Muscarinic receptor agonist

Nicotinic receptor agonist

Question 2

Bethanechol =

Answer 2

Muscarinic Receptor Agonist

Question 3

Pilocarpine =

Answer 3

Muscarinic Receptor Agonist

Question 4

Nicotine =

Answer 4

Nicotinic receptor agonist

Question 5

Atropine =

Answer 5

Muscarinic receptor antagonist

Tertiary amine -

Question 6

Bethanechol

Answer 6

Parasympathomimetic choline carbamate that selectively stimulates muscarinic receptors without any effect on nicotinic receptors.

Unlike acetylcholine bethanechol is not hydrolyzed by cholinesterase adn will therefore have a long duration of action

Does not cross BBB

Question 7

Bethanechol uses

Answer 7

alleviates dry mouth

urinary retention

GI lack of muscle tone

Question 8

Pilocarpine uses

Answer 8

alleviate dry mouth

alleviate glaucoma - causes miosis and clilary muscle contraction open trabecular meshwork to decrease intraocular pressure

parasympathomimmetic alkaloid

non-selective muscarinic receptor agonist (M3 if topical)

Question 9

Atropine uses

Answer 9

(muscarinic receptor antagonist) can treat slow heart rate and decrease saliva production during surgery

Question 10

Atropine side effects

Answer 10

dry mouth
large pupils
urinary retention
other things that would be expected with antagonizing the parasympathetic system

Question 11

Physostigmine

Answer 11

acetylcholinesterase inhibitor - reversible

alkaloid and can cross BBB

Question 12

Physostigmine uses

Answer 12

Treat glaucoma and delayed gastric emptying

anticholinergic overdoses

Question 13

Neostigmine

Answer 13

acetylcholinesterase inhibitor
reversible
quaternary amine so no BBB

Question 14

Neostigmine

Answer 14

Improve tone in Myasthenia Gravis

In anesthesia to reverse effects of non-depolarizing muscle relaxants such as rocuronium and vecuronium at the end of an operation

Question 15

Edrophonium

Answer 15

acetylcholinesterase inhibitor

Question 16

Edrophonium uses

Answer 16

helps to diagnose myasthenia gravis - distinguishing from cholinergic crisis and lambert eaton myasthenic syndrome

Question 17

Organophosphates

Answer 17

acetylcholinsterase inhibitors

irreversible

Question 18

Organophosphates medical uses

Answer 18

ocular antihypertensive in chronic glaucoma

Question 19

Organophosphate side effects

Answer 19

muscle spasm and systemic effects due to slow rate of hydrolyzation

Question 20

pralidoxime

Answer 20

cholinesterase reactivator (antidote for organophosphate poisoining)

Question 21

epinephrine

Answer 21

alpha 1/2 and beta 1/2 non-selective adrenergic agonist

Question 22

norepinephrine

Answer 22

alpha 1/2 and beta 1 non-selective adrenergic agonist

Question 23

phenylephrine

Answer 23

alpha-1 selective adrenergic agonist

Question 24

clonidine

Answer 24

alpha-2 selective adrenergic agonist

Question 25

isoproterenol

Answer 25

beta1/2 non-selective adrenergic agonist

Question 26

albuterol

Answer 26

beta 2 selective adrenergic agonist

Question 27

dopamine

Answer 27

D1/D2 direct agonist plus indirect agonist (Releasers)

Question 28

pseudoephedrine

Answer 28

indirect agonist of adrenergic (Releaser)

Question 29

epinephrine medical uses

Answer 29

cardiac arrest anaphylaxis asthma

Question 30

epinephrine adverse effects

Answer 30

``` palpitations tachyarrhythmia anxiety hypertension pulmonary edema ```

Question 31

norepinephrine medical uses

Answer 31

``` low blood pressure (acute hypotension) heart failure (cardiac arrest) ```

Question 32

phenylephrine uses

Answer 32

alpha-1 selective agonist | used primarily as a decongestant / as an agent to dilate the pupil / and to increase blood pressure

Question 33

phenylephrine side effects

Answer 33

reflex bradycardia

Question 34

clonidine uses

Answer 34

alpha-2 adrenergic agonist high blood pressure anxiety ADHD

Question 35

Clonidine side effects

Answer 35

hypotension | xerostomia (dry mouth)

Question 36

Isoproterenol uses

Answer 36

B1/B2 non-selective agonist Bradycardia Heart block Rarely asthma

Question 37

Albuterol uses

Answer 37

Asthma - (b2 selective agonist) - treats or prevents bronchospasm

Question 38

Dopamine uses

Answer 38

direct adrenergic agonist (alpha1 beta1/2) and indirect agonists (releaser) low blood pressure / slow heart rate / cardiac arrest

Question 39

pseudoephedrine uses

Answer 39

adrenergic - indirect - agonist (releaser) nasal and ear decongestant / stimulant SE: Stimulation / anxiety

Question 40

MAOIs? mechanism

Answer 40

antiadrenergic sympatholytic agent - inhibit breakdown - increase false transmitter synthesis ?

Question 41

Doxazosin

Answer 41

adrenergic receptor antagonist (alpha-1)

Question 42

Doxazosin uses

Answer 42

hypertension | urinary retention in BPH

Question 43

Metoprolol

Answer 43

adrenergic receptor blocker (beta-1)

Question 44

Metoprolol uses

Answer 44

high blood pressure angina heart failure

Question 45

Metoprolol side effects

Answer 45

bradycardia | drowsy / dizzy /

Question 46

Labetalol

Answer 46

alpha and b1/b2 adrenergic receptor antagonist -

Question 47

Labetalol uses

Answer 47

high blood pressure

Question 48

Botulinum toxin (Botox)

Answer 48

inhibits acetylcholine release via targeted destruction of snares

Question 49

Black widow spider bite

Answer 49

increases acetylcholine release at NMJ

Question 50

Atacurium

Answer 50

NMJ competitive blocker (non-depolarizing) Isoquinoline derived

Question 51

Rocuronium

Answer 51

NMJ competitive blocker | Steroid derivative

Question 52

Succinylcholine

Answer 52

NMJ depolarizing blocker | receptor antagoinst