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1111 NEUROBIOLOGY > Drug List > Flashcards

Drug List Flashcards

1
Q

Acetylcholine = drug classification?

A

Muscarinic receptor agonist

Nicotinic receptor agonist

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2
Q

Bethanechol =

A

Muscarinic Receptor Agonist

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3
Q

Pilocarpine =

A

Muscarinic Receptor Agonist

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4
Q

Nicotine =

A

Nicotinic receptor agonist

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5
Q

Atropine =

A

Muscarinic receptor antagonist

Tertiary amine -

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6
Q

Bethanechol

A

Parasympathomimetic choline carbamate that selectively stimulates muscarinic receptors without any effect on nicotinic receptors.

Unlike acetylcholine bethanechol is not hydrolyzed by cholinesterase adn will therefore have a long duration of action

Does not cross BBB

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7
Q

Bethanechol uses

A

alleviates dry mouth

urinary retention

GI lack of muscle tone

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8
Q

Pilocarpine uses

A

alleviate dry mouth

alleviate glaucoma - causes miosis and clilary muscle contraction open trabecular meshwork to decrease intraocular pressure

parasympathomimmetic alkaloid

non-selective muscarinic receptor agonist (M3 if topical)

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9
Q

Atropine uses

A

(muscarinic receptor antagonist) can treat slow heart rate and decrease saliva production during surgery

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10
Q

Atropine side effects

A

dry mouth
large pupils
urinary retention
other things that would be expected with antagonizing the parasympathetic system

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11
Q

Physostigmine

A

acetylcholinesterase inhibitor - reversible

alkaloid and can cross BBB

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12
Q

Physostigmine uses

A

Treat glaucoma and delayed gastric emptying

anticholinergic overdoses

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13
Q

Neostigmine

A

acetylcholinesterase inhibitor
reversible
quaternary amine so no BBB

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14
Q

Neostigmine

A

Improve tone in Myasthenia Gravis

In anesthesia to reverse effects of non-depolarizing muscle relaxants such as rocuronium and vecuronium at the end of an operation

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15
Q

Edrophonium

A

acetylcholinesterase inhibitor

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16
Q

Edrophonium uses

A

helps to diagnose myasthenia gravis - distinguishing from cholinergic crisis and lambert eaton myasthenic syndrome

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17
Q

Organophosphates

A

acetylcholinsterase inhibitors

irreversible

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18
Q

Organophosphates medical uses

A

ocular antihypertensive in chronic glaucoma

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19
Q

Organophosphate side effects

A

muscle spasm and systemic effects due to slow rate of hydrolyzation

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20
Q

pralidoxime

A

cholinesterase reactivator (antidote for organophosphate poisoining)

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21
Q

epinephrine

A

alpha 1/2 and beta 1/2 non-selective adrenergic agonist

22
Q

norepinephrine

A

alpha 1/2 and beta 1 non-selective adrenergic agonist

23
Q

phenylephrine

A

alpha-1 selective adrenergic agonist

24
Q

clonidine

A

alpha-2 selective adrenergic agonist

25
Q

isoproterenol

A

beta1/2 non-selective adrenergic agonist

26
Q

albuterol

A

beta 2 selective adrenergic agonist

27
Q

dopamine

A

D1/D2 direct agonist plus indirect agonist (Releasers)

28
Q

pseudoephedrine

A

indirect agonist of adrenergic (Releaser)

29
Q

epinephrine medical uses

A

cardiac arrest
anaphylaxis
asthma

30
Q

epinephrine adverse effects

A 
palpitations
tachyarrhythmia
anxiety 
hypertension 
pulmonary edema
31
Q

norepinephrine medical uses

A 
low blood pressure (acute hypotension)
heart failure (cardiac arrest)
32
Q

phenylephrine uses

A

alpha-1 selective agonist

used primarily as a decongestant / as an agent to dilate the pupil / and to increase blood pressure

33
Q

phenylephrine side effects

A

reflex bradycardia

34
Q

clonidine uses

A

alpha-2 adrenergic agonist
high blood pressure
anxiety
ADHD

35
Q

Clonidine side effects

A

hypotension

xerostomia (dry mouth)

36
Q

Isoproterenol uses

A

B1/B2 non-selective agonist
Bradycardia
Heart block
Rarely asthma

37
Q

Albuterol uses

A

Asthma - (b2 selective agonist) - treats or prevents bronchospasm

38
Q

Dopamine uses

A

direct adrenergic agonist (alpha1 beta1/2) and indirect agonists (releaser)

low blood pressure / slow heart rate / cardiac arrest

39
Q

pseudoephedrine uses

A

adrenergic - indirect - agonist (releaser)
nasal and ear decongestant / stimulant

SE: Stimulation / anxiety

40
Q

MAOIs? mechanism

A

antiadrenergic sympatholytic agent - inhibit breakdown - increase false transmitter synthesis ?

41
Q

Doxazosin

A

adrenergic receptor antagonist (alpha-1)

42
Q

Doxazosin uses

A

hypertension

urinary retention in BPH

43
Q

Metoprolol

A

adrenergic receptor blocker (beta-1)

44
Q

Metoprolol uses

A

high blood pressure
angina
heart failure

45
Q

Metoprolol side effects

A

bradycardia

drowsy / dizzy /

46
Q

Labetalol

A

alpha and b1/b2 adrenergic receptor antagonist -

47
Q

Labetalol uses

A

high blood pressure

48
Q

Botulinum toxin (Botox)

A

inhibits acetylcholine release via targeted destruction of snares

49
Q

Black widow spider bite

A

increases acetylcholine release at NMJ

50
Q

Atacurium

A

NMJ competitive blocker (non-depolarizing)

Isoquinoline derived

51
Q

Rocuronium

A

NMJ competitive blocker

Steroid derivative

52
Q

Succinylcholine

A

NMJ depolarizing blocker

receptor antagoinst

1111 NEUROBIOLOGY (6 decks)

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