Drug List Flashcards
enalapril, lisinipril, captopril
ACE inhibitor “prils” impede production of angiotensin II (vasoconstrictor, stimulates aldosterone secretion) action: systemic vasodilation, block aldosterone secretion
furosemide
impairs sodium, potassium, chlorine reabs by kidneys holds water in forming urine, induces diureses
HCTZ
thiazide diuretic impairs sodium reabsorption by kidneys has other bp lowering effects (poorly understood)
amlodipine
Type L calcium channel blocker/antagonist preferentially blocks tyle L calcium channels in vascular smooth muscles - cause systemic vasodilation
losartan, irbesartan
angiotensin receptor blocker (ARBs) “sartans” selectively block type AT1 AII receptor
metaprolol, atenolol, propanolol
beta blockers block beta adrenergic receptor antagonist; blocks SNS stimulation with different effects atenolol, metaprolol: beta 1 specific (lower SNS stimulation of heart - lower inotropy, chronotropy) propanolol: b1/b2 (nonspecific)
verapamil
calcium channel blocker (cardiac) block cardiac type L calcium channels - delay AV nodal conduction, lower inotropy *little effect on non-cardiac type L channels
aliskiren
blocks enzymatic activity of renin
amiloride
competitive inhibitor of ENaC decreases driving force for K secretion
biguanides (metformin)
inhibits liver gluconeogenesis enhances insulin receptor signaling
eplerenone, spironolactone
mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (blocks aldosterone from exerting effects)
sulfonylureas
targest pancreatic beta cells insulin secretagogue
thiazolidenediones (pioglitazone)
insulin sensitizing agent - enhances action of insulin in target cells
tolvaptan
V2 receptor antagonist (blocks AVP signaling in kidney)
clomiphene
selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) antagonizes hypothalamic-pituitary estrogen receptor / ERalpha
