Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Cardio-respiratory Physiology And Pharmacology > Drug List > Flashcards

Drug List Flashcards

0
Q

Heparin

A

Injectable anticoagulant
Binds to antithrombin and enhances its inhibitory effects
Used in DVT, pulmonary embolism, atrial fibrillation and myocardial infarction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Warfarin

A

Oral anticoagulant
Competitive antagonist for vitamin k epoxide reductase
Used in DVT and pulmonary embolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Enoxaparin and dalteparin

A

Anticoagulant derivatives of heparin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Protamine sulphate

A

Treats heparin overdose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Leprudin, bivalirudin and desinudin

A

Bivalent direct thrombin inhibitors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Argatroban, melagatran and diabigatran

A

Univalent direct thrombin inhibitors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Aspirin

A

Anti platelet drug

It is a cyclooxygenase inhibitor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Clopidogrel and ticlopidine

A

Anti platelet drug

ADP receptor antagonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

ABCIXIMAB and TIROFIBAN

A

Anti platelet drug
Abic- monoclonal antibodies
Tiro- RGD inhibiting peptide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the 4 classes of anti-dysrhythmic drugs ?

A

1- sodium channel blockers
2- beta blockers
3- potassium channel blockers
4- calcium channel blockers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the function of class 1 anti-dysrhythmic drugs ?

A

Affect the upstroke of atrial/ventricular tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the function of class 2 anti-dysrhythmic drugs ?

A

Affect the funny current in phase 4 depolarisation of pacemaker potential
Affect the calcium current in the upstroke of the pacemaker potential
Affect the calcium current in the plateau phase of atrial/ventricular tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the function of the class 3 anti-dysrhythmic drugs ?

A

Affect the efflux of potassium ions blocking repolarisation phase in both pacemaker and atrial/ventricular action potentials

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the function of class 4 anti-dysrhythmic drugs ?

A

Affect the calcium current in the upstroke of pacemaker potential
Affect the plateau phase in atrial/ventricular tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Quinidine, procainamide and disopyramide

A

1a sodium channel blockers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Lidocaine and mexiletine

A

1b sodium channel blockers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Flecainide

A

1c sodium channel blockers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Propranolol and atenolol

A

Beta blockers
Propranolol is a non selective one
Atenolol is a beta-1 selective one

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Soltalol and amiodarone

A

Potassium channel blockers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Verapamil and dilitazem

A

Calcium channel blockers

Cardiac selective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Digoxin

A

Cardiac glycoside -another anti-dysrhythmic Drug

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What types of drugs are used in the treatment of heart failure ?

A 
Beta blockers 
ACE inhibitors 
AT-1 receptor antagonists 
Diuretics 
Vasodilators
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Carvedilol

A

Classed as a 3rd gen beta blocker
Blocks both alpha and beta receptors
Causes vasodilation at alpha receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Bisoprolol

A

Beta-1 selective blocker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Captopril and ramipril

A

ACE inhibitors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Losartan and candesartan

A

AT-1 receptor antagonists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Flurosamide and bumetanide

A

Loop diuretics

Most potent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Chlorothiazide

A

Non potassium sparing distal tubule diuretic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Amiloride and spironolactone

A

Potassium sparing distal tubule diuretic

Aldosterone antagonists

29
Q

Isosorbide dinitrate

A

Nitrate - nitric oxide donor

30
Q

Hydralazines

A

Vasodilators used to reduce intracellular calcium
Potassium channel openers to promote vasodilation
Inhibits calcium release from intracellular SR
Promotes NO production

31
Q

What drugs are used in the treatment of angina ?

A

Nitrates
Calcium channel blockers
Beta blockers
Potassium channel openers

32
Q

Glyceryl trinitrate

A

Nitrates - short acting

33
Q

Nifedipine and nicardipine

A

Vascular selective calcium channel blockers

34
Q

Nicorandil

A

Potassium channel opener

Used to cause vasodilation

35
Q

Ivabradine

A

Inhibits sinus node funny current which slows pacemaker potentials so slows HR

36
Q

What are the types of drugs used to treat hypertension ?

A

Thiazides diuretics and aldosterone antagonists
- for fluid control such as sodium retention
ACE inhibitors and AT-1 receptor antagonists
- reduce fluid retention and vasoconstriction affecting RAS system
Calcium channel blockers and potassium channel openers
- to promote vasodilation
Alpha and beta blockers
- reduce vasoconstriction and reduce CO and renin release
Nitric oxide donors and phsophodiesterase inhibitors
-promote vasodilation
Endotheli. Synthesis inhibitors and endothelium receptor antagonists
-reduce vasoconstriction
Prostacyclin receptor agonists
-promote vasodilation

37
Q

Bendrofluemethiazide

A

Thiazides diuretic used to treat hypertension

Blocks sodium-chloride transporter reducing sodium reabsorption to reduce fluid retention

38
Q

Spironolactone

A

Aldosterone antagonist used to treat hypertension

Reduces transcription of sodium channels so less sodium can be retained so reducing fluid retention

39
Q

Minoxidil

A

Calcium channel blocker used to treat hypertension

Blocks the influx of calcium ions which are needed for contraction so it reduces vasoconstriction in vasculature

40
Q

Amlodipine

A

Potassium channel opener used to treat hypertension
Promotes potassium ions leaving the cell forcing membrane potential further from threshold helping to close calcium channels so reducing vasoconstriction

41
Q

Doxazosin

A

Alpha receptor blocker used to treat hypertension

Reduces vasoconstriction

42
Q

Sodium nitroprusside

A

Nitric oxide donor used to treat hypertension
Increases production of NO which increases cGMP, increasing pKG promote potassium efflux and activation of mysosin light chain phosphatase which promotes vasodilation

43
Q

Sildenafil/Viagra

A

Phsophodiesterase 5 inhibitor used in treatment of hypertension
Prevents degradation of cGMP promoting vasodilation

44
Q

Phosphoramidon

A

Endothelin converting enzyme inhibitor used to treat hypertension
Reduces vasoconstriction

45
Q

Bosentan

A

ET-A receptor antagonist used to treat hypertension

Prevents endothelin binding therefore reducing vasoconstriction

46
Q

Illoprost

A

Prosyacylin receptor agonist used to treat hypertension

Promotes vascular vasodilation

47
Q

Methyldopa

A

Alpha-2 agonist in the medulla to reduce sympathetic flow

Used to treat hypertension in pregnancy

48
Q

Sitaxentan and ambrisentan

A

ET-A receptor antagonist

49
Q

Epoprostenol

A

Prosyacylin analogue

Causes vasodilation

50
Q

What types of drugs are used to treat hyperlipidaemia ?

A

HMG CoA reductase inhibitors - statins
Fibrates
Bile acid binding resins

51
Q

Atorvastatin, simvastatin and pravastatin

A

HMG CoA reductase inhibitors/statins
Inhibit endogenous cholesterol synthesis in liver by blocking HMG CoA reductase enzyme preventi conversion of HMG CoA into mevalonate

52
Q

Gemfibrozil and fenofibrate

A

Fibrates used to treat hyperlipidaemia

Used against high levels of VLDL

53
Q

Cholesteryamine and colestipol

A

Bile acid binding resins

Reduce amount of bile acids so enzyme that converts cholesterol to bile acids is not inhibited

54
Q

Beta-sitosterol and sitosterol(benecol)

A

Plant sterols

Inhibit absorption of dietary and endogenous cholesterol

55
Q

Other than the 3 main drugs what other substances help to treat hyperlipidaemia ?

A

Nicotinic acid and acipimox
Plant sterols
Fish oils

56
Q

Salbutamol and terbutaline

A

Short acting beta-2 agonists
Used to treat asthma - normally administered by an inhaler
Increase cAMP which inhibits myosin light chain kinase reducing contraction so promoting bronchodilation

57
Q

Salmeterol and isoproterenol

A

Long lasting beta-2 agonists

Help to prevent future asthma attacks

58
Q

Atropine, ipratropium bromide and oxitropium bromide

A

Short acting muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonists - anticholinergics
Prevent acetylcholine binding so promote bronchodilation
Used in asthma but primarily used in COPD

59
Q

Tiotropium bromide

A

Long lasting muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist - anticholinergics
Used in asthma and COPD

60
Q

Caffeine and theobromine and theophylline(main clinical one)

A

Xanthines - relieve symptoms of asthma

Inhibit phsophodiesterase enzyme which degrade cAMP so by preventing degradation, bronchodilation is promoted

61
Q

Beclometasome and budesonide

A

Glucocorticosteroids = anti inflammatory drugs
Used in asthma to treat chronic inflammation
Classed as prophylactic anti asthmatic drugs

62
Q

N-acetylcysteine and ambroxol

A

Mucokinetic drugs used to reduce viscosity of mucus by breaking disulphide bonds
Used to treat COPD

63
Q

Furosemide

A

Diuretic which reduces fluid retention and helps to treat pulmonary oedema

64
Q

Inamrinone

A

Phosphodiesterase inhibitor

Improves cardiac function in pulmonary oedema

65
Q

Dobutamine

A

Beta -1 agonist

Used to improve cardiac function in pulmonary oedema

66
Q

Atropine

A

Muscarinic antagonist

Reduces mucus secretions so it’s used to treat cystic fibrosis

67
Q

Glyceryl guaiacolate

A

Expectorants which increase fluidity of secretions and so increases productivity of coughing in cystic fibrosis

68
Q

Naloxone

A

Opioid antagonist

Reverses the effects of an opioid overdose

69
Q

Mosapride

A

Serotonin-4a agonist help to counteract opioid overdose without reducing opioids analgesic effects

Cardio-respiratory Physiology And Pharmacology (33 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions