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Pharmacology > Drug list > Flashcards

Drug list Flashcards

1
Q

Isoprenaline

A

Catecholamine (sympathomimetic)

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2
Q

Adrenaline & NA

A

Catecholamine (sympathomimetic)

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3
Q

Dopamine

A

Catecholamine (sympathomimetic)

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4
Q

Dobutamine

A

B1-adrenergic agonist (Direct acting Sympathomimetic)

Parenteral administration (catechol ring)
Acts directly & specifically on B1
Increase contractile force of heart - used in heart failure

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5
Q

Salbutamol

A

B2-adrenergic agonist (Direct acting Sympathomimetic)

Longer duration of action - no catechol nucleus
In high doses, also stim B1 receptors (less selective)

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6
Q

Orciprenaline

A

B2-adrenergic agonist (Direct acting Sympathomimetic)

Longer duration of action (3-4hrs) - no catechol nucleus, COMT does not act on it
In high doses, also stim B1 receptors (less selective)

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7
Q

Terbutaline

A

B2-adrenergic agonist (Direct acting Sympathomimetic)

B2 selective at therapeutic dose
Resorcinol ring -> COMT not active
Short acting
Used for bronchospam
Oral/Inhaled
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8
Q

Salmeterol

A

B2-adrenergic agonist (Direct acting Sympathomimetic)

B2 selective
Long acting (12hr bronchodilatory)
Inhalation
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9
Q

Formoterol

A

B2-adrenergic agonist (Direct acting Sympathomimetic)

B2 selective
Long acting (12hr bronchodilatory)
Inhalation
Faster onset of action (1-3 min) than sameterol (10-30min)

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10
Q

Phenylephrine

A

Indirect/Mixed action Sympathomimetic

Potent a-receptor action
Min effects in heart & CNS
Used for:
- Vasoconstriction w/ LA
- Decongestion (local vasoconstriction)
- Shock dt impaired vasomotor activity
- After MI / hypotension during spinal anaesthesia
- Mydriasis & opthalmic decongestion
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11
Q

Ephedrine

A

Mixed action Sympathomimetic

Indirect action can cause tachyphylaxis
Stimulating effect - also displaces NA
Oral
Reaches CNS - can suppress appetite 
Used for:
- Vasoconstriction w/ LA
- Asthma
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12
Q

Phenylpropanolamine

A

Indirect/Mixed action Sympathomimetic

Used for:

  • Nasal decongestion
  • Bronchodilation (less CNS stim than ephedrine)
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13
Q

Amphetamine

A

Indirect/Mixed Sympathomimetic

Primarily indirect (liberates NA from vesicles)
Direct action in high doses
Enters CNS
- produce stimulation 
- anorexigenic effect
- Habit forming (abuse potential)
Used for:
- Narcolepsy
- Minimal brain dysfunction
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14
Q

Naphazoline

A

Incomplete Sympathomimetic

Little true sympathomimetic effects, apart from vasoconstriction
Used in nasal & eye drops

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15
Q

Oxymetazoline

A

Incomplete Sympathomimetic

Little true sympathomimetic effects, apart from vasoconstriction
Used in nasal & eye drops

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16
Q

Phenoxybenzamine

A

a-antagonist (Haloalkylamine)

Specific for a-receptors (a1&raquo_space;» a2)
Covalent bond -> long acting
Non-equilibrium Competitive blocker
[high] also alkylate ACh & histamine receptors

Vasodilation (in blood vessels that are constricted under sympathetic influences)
i.e. Lowers systemic & pulmonary resistance

BUT

  • Also blocks a2-receptors -> uncontrolled NA release
  • Reflex increase in sympathetic stim of the heart via B-receptors -> Tachycardia
  • Cause postural hypotension
17
Q

Phentolamine

A

a-antagonist (Imidazoline)

Pure reversible competitive antagonist
Fast action, short duration
Selectivity a1=a2

Used for:

  • Hypotension dt catecholamine tumours (Pheochormocytoma)
  • Spasm & constriction of peripheral vasculature (Raynaud’s)

BUT:
Increases sympathomimetic B-activity –> Tachycardia
Postural hypotension

18
Q

Prazosin

A

a-antagonist (Quinazoline)

Competitive reversible a1-receptor specific

  • a2-receptors not affected
  • No reflex tachycardia

Used for: Peripheral vasodilation

Not for essential HT:

  • Short duration
  • Cause 1st dose hypotension
  • Tachyphylaxis
19
Q

Labetolol

A

a- and B-antagonist

Lowers peripheral resistance via a-blocking
Prevents reflex tachycardia via B-blocking

Used for:

  • Hypertensive crisis
  • Produce controlled hypotension during surgery
  • HT during 2nd half of pregnancy
  • HT treatments after MI
20
Q

Propranolol

A

B-antagonist

Not cardioselective (B1=B2)
Can precipitate bronchospasm in sensitive patients
No Intrinsic Sympathomimetic Activity

21
Q

Timolol

A

B-antagonist

High potency
Not cardioselective
Little Intrinsic Sympathomimetic Activity

22
Q

Pindolol

A

B-antagonist
(Partial agonist)

High potency
Not cardioselective
Intrinsic Sympathomimetic Activity

23
Q

Metoprolol

A

B-antagonist

Cardioselective
No Intrinsic Sympathomimetic Activity

24
Q

Atenolol

A

B-antagonist

Cardioselctive
No Intrinsic Sympathomimetic Activity

Pharmacology (3 decks)

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