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Pharmaceutical Informatics > Drug Information Retrieval > Flashcards

Drug Information Retrieval Flashcards

Perpek perpek

1
Q

the key to promote rational use of drugs

A

Availability of authentic drug information

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2
Q

a well accepted concept in clinical practice in the developed world.

A

rational use of drugs

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3
Q

an essential element in achieving health goals

A

Drug Information

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4
Q

an aid to decision making

A

information

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5
Q

obj of information center or no: To collect information

A

obj

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6
Q

obj of drug information center or no: To evaluate and compare drugs

A

obj

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7
Q

obj of drug information center or no: To assist clinicians in the selection of safe and effective medication

A

obj

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7
Q

obj of drug information center or no: To provide an education and teaching aid for health care personnel

A

obj

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8
Q

To enable pharmacists and pharmacy students to develop their abilities in providing information on drugs and medicines.

A

obj

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9
Q

refers to the process of collecting, cataloguing, and retrieving data in order to display and retrieve it when called for.

A

Data Storage and retrieval

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10
Q

The systems that retrieve whole documents usually retrieve them by their ___ or by ___ associated with them.

A

titles or by keywords

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11
Q

stores information in discrete records with discrete fields, records can be searched and retrieved based on their contents.

A

database system

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12
Q

Within the computer, data is stored either in ____, allowing it to be easily accessed.

A

main storage

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13
Q

Large hospitals develop and staff a new division of the department of pharmacy which is commonly referred to as what

A

Drug Information Center

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14
Q

Now computers have possible networking of national drug information centers made located in different hospitals. T/F

A

F. National should be regional

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15
Q

a body of data and information about medications and a set of skills and tools that provide pharmacy professionals with the ability to find, access,

A

Drug Information

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16
Q

The body of facts and information pertaining to medications is generally referred to as

A

the drug literature

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17
Q

The literature of pharmacy and pharmaceutics encompasses all aspects of drugs, beginning with:

A

Isolation or synthesis
Including physical analysis
Bioactivity
Toxicology
Clinical research
Market research
Economic and social considerations.

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18
Q

Classification of resources

A

Primary
Secondary
Tertiary

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19
Q

Individual resources are now generally available in more than one physical format. T/F

A

T

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20
Q

Primary, secondary, and tertiary resources are available for each step in the path of development, but reporting time decreases from each step to the next.

A

False. Reporting time increases

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21
Q

Researchers will be both consumers of and contributors to the data information-knowledge cycle that characterizes science.

A

Preclinical Drug information:

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22
Q

Initially, in the synthesis and purification phase of drug development, information about the compound’s chemistry and physical properties may be both sought and created.

A

Preclinical Drug information:

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23
Q

Whether or not the compound has been of interest to other researchers may be determined by searching public records of grant and contract awards and also by searching resources that cover preliminary and early research results.

A
  1. Preclinical Drug information:
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24
Q

Physical and Chemical data

A

CAS Registry
Chemcyclopedia
ChemFinder
Chemical Abstracts
ChemID plus
Chemindex plus
The Merck Index

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25
Q

U.S Patent and Trademark Office Web Patent

A

Patents

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26
Q

U.S Patent and Trademark Office Web Patent

A

Patents

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27
Q

a research tool for patent information.

A

Delphion Intellectual Property Network
(IPN)

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28
Q

a thorough literature search is required to find material relevant to the clinical use of the drug.

A

Phase IV studies and Post Marketing Drug Information stage

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29
Q

Basic bibliographic databases

A

Biological Abstracts, EMBASE, IDIS, IPA, MEDLINE, and Science Citation Index.

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30
Q

contains the first written accounts of original research.

A

Primary Literature

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31
Q

In terms of size, the primary literature is probably larger than either the secondary or tertiary literature. T/F

A

T

32
Q

the original information presented by the author without any evaluation by the second party.

A

Primary Literature

33
Q

information is modified, condensed, commented upon by other persons like review articles, abstracts, text books, etc.

A

Secondary Literature

34
Q

include- Indexing and Abstracting services, Evaluated Secondary Resources and Internet search engines.

A

Secondary Literature.

35
Q

gathered from primary and secondary sources and arranged in such a manner to give coupled information.

A

Tertiary Literature

36
Q

a distillation and evaluation of data and information first presented in such primary literature sources as research reports, meeting presentations, and journal articles.

A

Tertiary Literature

37
Q

most accessible, easiest to use, and perhaps the most used of all information resources.

A

Tertiary Information

38
Q

An ADVANTAGES OF COMPUTERIZED LITERATURE RETRIEVAL or nah? Save time, space, money

A

Advantage

39
Q

An ADVANTAGES OF COMPUTERIZED LITERATURE RETRIEVAL or nah? Save effort, person-hours and greater efficiency.

A

Advantage

40
Q

Online Computerized services offer ‘term’ searching of Fields, Controlled vocabulary and Indexes. T/F

A

T

41
Q

Online Computerized services offer Search Commands for creating search sets, Boolean operation, Word searching and Search limiting. True

A

True

42
Q

Search Commands for creating search sets examples

A

Boolean operation, Word searching and Search limiting.

43
Q

Online Computerized databases offer greater precision. T/F

A

T

44
Q

excellent sources of in-depth information and knowledge.

A

Academic and online journals which include real life case studies

45
Q

allow researchers to explore both quantitative and qualitative research.

A

Academic and online journals come with several research options

46
Q

large databases

A

library catalogues and bibliographic references.

47
Q

optical storage media examples

A

CD-ROM

48
Q

TYPES OF DATABASES:

A
  1. Library catalogues
  2. Bibliographic databases
  3. Reference databases
  4. Factual databases or data banks
  5. Full text database
49
Q

Catalogues covering the holdings (Books, Reports, Journals, Conference proceedings, etc. ) of one or more library.

A

Library catalogues

50
Q

Containing bibliographic references, with or without abstracts.

A

Bibliographic databases

51
Q

For example, current research projects, handbooks, encyclopedias, product suppliers, etc.

A

Reference databases

52
Q

Containing information, often in numerical form, which can be used directly,

A

Factual databases or data banks

53
Q
A
54
Q

chemical structures, tables, terminilogy

A

Factual databases or data banks

55
Q

Which contain the complete version of the text of given publications.

A

Full- text databases

56
Q

The online catalogue which has gradually become more user friendly with the use of menus and simple commands.

A

Online Public Access Catalogue, or OPAC

57
Q

Access for users is now often in the form of a what?

A

Web (World Wide Web) interface.

58
Q

Access to databases in two ways

A

Searching online from a database mounted on a host computer from a commercial information retrieval service (IRS).
By means of searchable compact disk CD-ROM database.

59
Q

Information from the secondary sources has been collected together and organized under subject headings and authors in reference databases.
T/F

A

F. Primary sources instead of secondary

60
Q

Is the ability to access, assess and apply the best evidence from systematic research information to daily clinical problems after integrating them with the physician’s experience and patient’s value.

A

Evidence based medicine

61
Q

a process of lifelong, self-directed, problem-based learning.

A

EBM

62
Q

conscientious, clear and judicious use of current best evidence in making decision about the care of individual patients.

A

EBM

63
Q

May be extended to benefit not only individual patients or even health care services in the community.

A

EBM

64
Q

Contentious use of critically appraised methods to promote mental health, prevent mental health problems and provide services.

A

Evidence based public mental health

65
Q

CONTENTS OF EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE:

A
  1. Practice guidelines and standards setting bodies.
  2. Quality assurance systems.
  3. Research appraisal process.
  4. Research commissional process.
  5. Databases
  6. Journals
  7. References texts of latest and best evidence.
66
Q

PRINCIPLES/COMPONENTS OF EBM:

A
  1. Best research evidence
  2. Clinical expertise
  3. Patient’s value and preferences.
67
Q

5 As

A

ask,
access,
appraise,
apply
assess

68
Q

Building a focused question:

A

i. The patient or problem being addressed.
Ii. The intervention being considered.
Iii. The comparison intervention.
Iv. The outcomes of interest.

69
Q

The acronym used to help formulate a well-defined searchable question

A

PICO

70
Q

PICO meaning

A

P- Patient
I - Intervention/Exposure
C - Comparison
O - Outcome

71
Q

Conducting an efficient search step 1

A

Ask a colleague for his/her expert opinion.

72
Q

Conducting an efficient search step 2

A

Review practice guidelines (evidence-based/ expert-opinion-based) or a textbook for appropriate disease management.

73
Q

Conducting an efficient research step 3

A

Consult electronic databases of systematic reviews or meta-analyses.

74
Q

Conducting an efficient research step 4

A

Conduct a literature search using an electronic database like “MEDLINE”.

75
Q

Refers to the clinician’s cumulated experience, education and clinical skills.

A

Physician’s clinical expertise

76
Q

Potential pitfalls “The clinician must always keep in mind that”:

A

Results and conclusions
methodology
data analysis

77
Q

Four sources of bias which are possible in trials of health care interventions:

A

i. Selection bias
Ii. Performance bias
Iii. Attrition bias
Iv. Detection bias

78
Q

In the mental health systems, where can we integrate the primary health care?

A

Treatment and prevention of mental disorders

Pharmaceutical Informatics (3 decks)

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