Drug Information Retrieval

Question 1

the key to promote rational use of drugs

Answer 1

Availability of authentic drug information

Question 2

a well accepted concept in clinical practice in the developed world.

Answer 2

rational use of drugs

Question 3

an essential element in achieving health goals

Answer 3

Drug Information

Question 4

an aid to decision making

Answer 4

information

Question 5

obj of information center or no: To collect information

Answer 5

obj

Question 6

obj of drug information center or no: To evaluate and compare drugs

Answer 6

obj

Question 7

obj of drug information center or no: To assist clinicians in the selection of safe and effective medication

Answer 7

obj

Question 7

obj of drug information center or no: To provide an education and teaching aid for health care personnel

Answer 7

obj

Question 8

To enable pharmacists and pharmacy students to develop their abilities in providing information on drugs and medicines.

Answer 8

obj

Question 9

refers to the process of collecting, cataloguing, and retrieving data in order to display and retrieve it when called for.

Answer 9

Data Storage and retrieval

Question 10

The systems that retrieve whole documents usually retrieve them by their ___ or by ___ associated with them.

Answer 10

titles or by keywords

Question 11

stores information in discrete records with discrete fields, records can be searched and retrieved based on their contents.

Answer 11

database system

Question 12

Within the computer, data is stored either in ____, allowing it to be easily accessed.

Answer 12

main storage

Question 13

Large hospitals develop and staff a new division of the department of pharmacy which is commonly referred to as what

Answer 13

Drug Information Center

Question 14

Now computers have possible networking of national drug information centers made located in different hospitals. T/F

Answer 14

F. National should be regional

Question 15

a body of data and information about medications and a set of skills and tools that provide pharmacy professionals with the ability to find, access,

Answer 15

Drug Information

Question 16

The body of facts and information pertaining to medications is generally referred to as

Answer 16

the drug literature

Question 17

The literature of pharmacy and pharmaceutics encompasses all aspects of drugs, beginning with:

Answer 17

Isolation or synthesis
Including physical analysis
Bioactivity
Toxicology
Clinical research
Market research
Economic and social considerations.

Question 18

Classification of resources

Answer 18

Primary
Secondary
Tertiary

Question 19

Individual resources are now generally available in more than one physical format. T/F

Answer 19

T

Question 20

Primary, secondary, and tertiary resources are available for each step in the path of development, but reporting time decreases from each step to the next.

Answer 20

False. Reporting time increases

Question 21

Researchers will be both consumers of and contributors to the data information-knowledge cycle that characterizes science.

Answer 21

Preclinical Drug information:

Question 22

Initially, in the synthesis and purification phase of drug development, information about the compound’s chemistry and physical properties may be both sought and created.

Answer 22

Preclinical Drug information:

Question 23

Whether or not the compound has been of interest to other researchers may be determined by searching public records of grant and contract awards and also by searching resources that cover preliminary and early research results.

Answer 23

1. Preclinical Drug information:

Question 24

Physical and Chemical data

Answer 24

CAS Registry Chemcyclopedia ChemFinder Chemical Abstracts ChemID plus Chemindex plus The Merck Index

Question 25

U.S Patent and Trademark Office Web Patent

Answer 25

Patents

Question 26

U.S Patent and Trademark Office Web Patent

Answer 26

Patents

Question 27

a research tool for patent information.

Answer 27

Delphion Intellectual Property Network (IPN)

Question 28

a thorough literature search is required to find material relevant to the clinical use of the drug.

Answer 28

Phase IV studies and Post Marketing Drug Information stage

Question 29

Basic bibliographic databases

Answer 29

Biological Abstracts, EMBASE, IDIS, IPA, MEDLINE, and Science Citation Index.

Question 30

contains the first written accounts of original research.

Answer 30

Primary Literature

Question 31

In terms of size, the primary literature is probably larger than either the secondary or tertiary literature. T/F

Answer 31

T

Question 32

the original information presented by the author without any evaluation by the second party.

Answer 32

Primary Literature

Question 33

information is modified, condensed, commented upon by other persons like review articles, abstracts, text books, etc.

Answer 33

Secondary Literature

Question 34

include- Indexing and Abstracting services, Evaluated Secondary Resources and Internet search engines.

Answer 34

Secondary Literature.

Question 35

gathered from primary and secondary sources and arranged in such a manner to give coupled information.

Answer 35

Tertiary Literature

Question 36

a distillation and evaluation of data and information first presented in such primary literature sources as research reports, meeting presentations, and journal articles.

Answer 36

Tertiary Literature

Question 37

most accessible, easiest to use, and perhaps the most used of all information resources.

Answer 37

Tertiary Information

Question 38

An ADVANTAGES OF COMPUTERIZED LITERATURE RETRIEVAL or nah? Save time, space, money

Answer 38

Advantage

Question 39

An ADVANTAGES OF COMPUTERIZED LITERATURE RETRIEVAL or nah? Save effort, person-hours and greater efficiency.

Answer 39

Advantage

Question 40

Online Computerized services offer ‘term’ searching of Fields, Controlled vocabulary and Indexes. T/F

Answer 40

T

Question 41

Online Computerized services offer Search Commands for creating search sets, Boolean operation, Word searching and Search limiting. True

Answer 41

True

Question 42

Search Commands for creating search sets examples

Answer 42

Boolean operation, Word searching and Search limiting.

Question 43

Online Computerized databases offer greater precision. T/F

Answer 43

T

Question 44

excellent sources of in-depth information and knowledge.

Answer 44

Academic and online journals which include real life case studies

Question 45

allow researchers to explore both quantitative and qualitative research.

Answer 45

Academic and online journals come with several research options

Question 46

large databases

Answer 46

library catalogues and bibliographic references.

Question 47

optical storage media examples

Answer 47

CD-ROM

Question 48

TYPES OF DATABASES:

Answer 48

1. Library catalogues 2. Bibliographic databases 3. Reference databases 4. Factual databases or data banks 5. Full text database

Question 49

Catalogues covering the holdings (Books, Reports, Journals, Conference proceedings, etc. ) of one or more library.

Answer 49

Library catalogues

Question 50

Containing bibliographic references, with or without abstracts.

Answer 50

Bibliographic databases

Question 51

For example, current research projects, handbooks, encyclopedias, product suppliers, etc.

Answer 51

Reference databases

Question 52

Containing information, often in numerical form, which can be used directly,

Answer 52

Factual databases or data banks

Question 54

chemical structures, tables, terminilogy

Answer 54

Factual databases or data banks

Question 55

Which contain the complete version of the text of given publications.

Answer 55

Full- text databases

Question 56

The online catalogue which has gradually become more user friendly with the use of menus and simple commands.

Answer 56

Online Public Access Catalogue, or OPAC

Question 57

Access for users is now often in the form of a what?

Answer 57

Web (World Wide Web) interface.

Question 58

Access to databases in two ways

Answer 58

Searching online from a database mounted on a host computer from a commercial information retrieval service (IRS). By means of searchable compact disk CD-ROM database.

Question 59

Information from the secondary sources has been collected together and organized under subject headings and authors in reference databases. T/F

Answer 59

F. Primary sources instead of secondary

Question 60

Is the ability to access, assess and apply the best evidence from systematic research information to daily clinical problems after integrating them with the physician’s experience and patient’s value.

Answer 60

Evidence based medicine

Question 61

a process of lifelong, self-directed, problem-based learning.

Answer 61

EBM

Question 62

conscientious, clear and judicious use of current best evidence in making decision about the care of individual patients.

Answer 62

EBM

Question 63

May be extended to benefit not only individual patients or even health care services in the community.

Answer 63

EBM

Question 64

Contentious use of critically appraised methods to promote mental health, prevent mental health problems and provide services.

Answer 64

Evidence based public mental health

Question 65

CONTENTS OF EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE:

Answer 65

1. Practice guidelines and standards setting bodies. 2. Quality assurance systems. 3. Research appraisal process. 4. Research commissional process. 5. Databases 6. Journals 7. References texts of latest and best evidence.

Question 66

PRINCIPLES/COMPONENTS OF EBM:

Answer 66

1. Best research evidence 2. Clinical expertise 3. Patient’s value and preferences.

Question 67

5 As

Answer 67

ask, access, appraise, apply assess

Question 68

Building a focused question:

Answer 68

i. The patient or problem being addressed. Ii. The intervention being considered. Iii. The comparison intervention. Iv. The outcomes of interest.

Question 69

The acronym used to help formulate a well-defined searchable question

Answer 69

PICO

Question 70

PICO meaning

Answer 70

P- Patient I - Intervention/Exposure C - Comparison O - Outcome

Question 71

Conducting an efficient search step 1

Answer 71

Ask a colleague for his/her expert opinion.

Question 72

Conducting an efficient search step 2

Answer 72

Review practice guidelines (evidence-based/ expert-opinion-based) or a textbook for appropriate disease management.

Question 73

Conducting an efficient research step 3

Answer 73

Consult electronic databases of systematic reviews or meta-analyses.

Question 74

Conducting an efficient research step 4

Answer 74

Conduct a literature search using an electronic database like “MEDLINE”.

Question 75

Refers to the clinician’s cumulated experience, education and clinical skills.

Answer 75

Physician’s clinical expertise

Question 76

Potential pitfalls “The clinician must always keep in mind that”:

Answer 76

Results and conclusions methodology data analysis

Question 77

Four sources of bias which are possible in trials of health care interventions:

Answer 77

i. Selection bias Ii. Performance bias Iii. Attrition bias Iv. Detection bias

Question 78

In the mental health systems, where can we integrate the primary health care?

Answer 78

Treatment and prevention of mental disorders