drug-induced ophthalmic disorders Flashcards
stoll
what drugs can cause dry eyes?
alpha-1 antagonists
alpha-2 agonists
anticholinergics
anticonvulsants
antihistamines
antimalarials
antineoplastic
antipsychotics
anxiolytics
beta agonists and beta antagonists
bisphosphonates
cannabinoids
systemic and topical decongestants
diuretics
retinoids
oral contraceptives
tricyclic antidepressants
benzalkonium chlorid preservative
what drugs can cause cataracts?
corticosteroids
phenothiazine
alkylating agents
statins
how is cataracts presented?
will not reverse once form
cloudiness in specific parts of lens
surgical removal of lens may be necessary
how is intraoperative floppy iris syndrome presented?
irreversible flopping of the iris
progressive constriction of the pupil
prolapse of iris through surgical wounds
preoperative screening
what drugs can cause intraoperative floppy iris syndrome?
alpha-1 antagonists
what drugs can cause optic neuropathy?
amiodarone
ethambutol
linezolid
PDE-5 inhibitors
how is optic neuropathy presented?
bilateral vision loss
decrease visual acuity
decreased color vision (occurs slowly over time and does not cause pain)
what drugs can cause retinopathy?
aminoquinolones
antiestrogen agents
phenothiazines
retinoids
what is amiodarone associated with?
corneal deposits
what is digoxin associated with?
yellow tinted vision or halos (toxicities)
what are anticholinergic agents associated with?
blurred vision
what are antidepressants associated with?
blurred vision
what are PDE-5 inhibitors associated with?
color changes (blue tint)
what are bisphosphonates associated with?
inflammation/redness
what is topiramate associated with?
angle closure glaucoma
