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PHA105 > Drug Design > Flashcards

Drug Design Flashcards

1
Q

What is pharmaceutics?

A

The formulation of a pure drug substance into a dosage form, involving drug design, development, and evaluation.

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2
Q

What does a pharmaceutical scientist do?

A

Characterizes drug properties, develops delivery systems, and evaluates ADME (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion).

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3
Q

Define a drug

A

A molecular substance that alters physiology, activating or inhibiting biomolecules to provide therapeutic benefits.

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4
Q

What is drug design?

A

Finding new medications based on knowledge of biological targets like proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, or nucleic acids.

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5
Q

What is drug delivery?

A

Technologies to transport drugs to the target site, optimizing efficacy, saftey , and patient compliancy

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6
Q

What are the key principles in drug delivery?

A

Metabolism, Toxicity, Site Targeting, Administration Route, Drug Preparation

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7
Q

Name 2 stages in drug discovery

A

High-throughput screening (HTS) and hit-to-lead (H2L)

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8
Q

What is QSAR

A

Quantity Stucture Activity Relationship, predicting how molecular stucture affects activity and side effects

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9
Q

What is molecular docking

A

A computational technique predicting how molecules bind to form stable complexes

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10
Q

What is drug manufacturing?

A

Industrial scale production of pharmaceutical drugs using active pharmaceutical ingredients and excipients

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11
Q

Define a unit solid dosage form (USDF).

A

Medication given in a single dose such as tablets or capsules

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12
Q

What is a monophasic liquid dosage form

A

A one phase system where solute dissolves in a solvent

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13
Q

How does particle size affect drug dissolution

A

Smaller particles dissolve quicker due to increased surface area

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14
Q

What is a biphasic liquid dosage form?

A

A two phase system like suspensions- (Solid Liquid) or emulsions-(Immiscible Liquids)

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15
Q

Define drug solubility

A

The maximum concentration of a drug that dissolves in a solvent under specific conditions

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16
Q

What are hydrophilic drugs?

A

Water soluble drugs that stay in the blood and interstitial fluid

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17
Q

What are lipophilic drugs?

A

Fat-Soluble drugs that concentrate in fatty tissues

18
Q

What is drug stability

A

The ability of a drug to retain its properties throughout storage and use

19
Q

What influences the choice of drug dosage forms

A

Patient age, Therapy duration, systematic vs local action and emergency needs

20
Q

What are the major routes for drug administration?

A

Oral, Buccal, Rectal, Nasal, Inhalation, Parental, Topical

21
Q

What are oral tablets

A

Tablets that are made by compaction, containing API , and excipients

22
Q

Why are oral tablets coated

A

They are coated for stability, taste masking and controlled/modified release

23
Q

What does the term ‘‘parental’’ mean

A

Administering drugs via injection through a needle to various sites, such as subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous, intrathecal

23
Q

What are the disadvantages of the oral route?

A

Slow onset, Irregular Absorption, Potential drug destruction by enzymes, first pass metabolism and unsuitability for unconscious patients

24
Q

What are the advantages of the oral route

A

Simplest, Portable, Self-Administered and safest

25
Q

What is a powder dosage form?

A

Solid, loose , dry particles or external use

26
Q

What is a lotion?

A

A low-viscosity topical preparation for skin application.

26
Q

What is a syrup?

A

A concentrated solution of sugar in water, often with dissolved medical substances

27
Q

What are the two types of creams

A

Oil-in-water (O/W) and water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions.

27
Q

What is an ointment

A

a semi solid greasy, oily based formulation applied to the skin

28
Q

What are gels used for

A

Administering drugs through the skin or body cavities

29
Q

What is a paste

A

A: A thick preparation with at least 25% solid substance, intended for external skin application.

30
Q

What is a suppository

A

A dosage form inserted into body orifices where it dissolves or melts to exert effects.

31
Q

What is an aerosol?

A

A mist containing medicine inhaled into the lungs via a mask or mouthpiece.

32
Q

What is an inhaler?

A

A device delivering medicines to the lungs; includes MDIs, DPIs, and SMIs.

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PHA105 (1 decks)

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