Drug classes Flashcards
broad spectrum coverage GN,GP…. but not enterococcus
sulfonamides
usefulness limited by numerous interactions with common drugs. hepatotoxic.
rifamycins
use limited to very defined indications due to resistance
rifamysins
only beta-lactam with activity against MRSA
cephteroline (4th gen cephalosporin)
dosing is once daily depending on weight and nature of infection
daptomycin
side effect profile fairly benign
daptomycin
bactericidal (5)
beta-lactams, fluoroquinolones, vancomysins, rifamycin, daptomycin
bacteriostatic (6)-longer recovery time
sulfonamides, macrolides, aminoglycosides, lincomysins, linezolids, tetracyclines
spectrum includes most GP organsims. only available in IV form.
daptomysin
MOA: destabilizes cell membrane
daptomycin
cyclic lipopeptide
daptomycin
potentially significant drug-food interactions (seratonin, catecholamine)
linezolids
use limited to institutional settings. available as IV or PO (same dosing).
linezolid
oxazolidinone
linezolids
spectrum is GP’s, aerobes.
linezolids
Hazard of ear and renal toxicity; must blood monitor (usually inpatient). poor absorption due to complexity.
vancomysins
dosing protocols and chemical structure similar to aminoglycosides
vancomysins
MOA: inhibits cell wall synthesis
vancomysins
Spectrum: GN aerobes
aminoglycosides
why are aminoglycosides used with beta lactams
to decrease resistance and enhance efficacy
Risk of severe side effects
sulfonamides
MOA: inhibits proteins synthesis by binding the 30S subunit
aminoglycosides
Hazard of ear and renal toxicity; must blood monitor (usually inpatient). available IV and topical.
aminoglycosides
MOA: suppresses RNA synthesis
rifamycins