Drug classes Flashcards
What is the mechanism of action of ACE inhibitors?
They block the activity of the angiotensin-converting enzyme resulting in relaxed blood vessels and lower blood pressure.
What is the difference between ACE inhibitors and ARBs?
ARBs protect the kidneys from damage caused by high blood pressure.
What is the mechanism of action of beta blockers?
They prevent the hormones adrenaline and noradrenaline from binding and activating the heart, causing the heart to beat slowly and with less force therefore decreasing blood pressure.
What is the mechanism of action of calcium channel blockers?
They attach to L-type channels, blocking calcium ions from entering those cells which reduces the force and frequency of contractions of the heart and blood vessels leading the lowered blood pressure.
What is the mechanism of action of statin drugs?
They block the HMG-CoA enzymes involved in the synthesis of cholesterol in the liver. Lower cholesterol levels in the liver triggers the removal of cholesterol in the blood.
What is the mechanism of action of fibrates?
They stimulate the breakdown of fatty acids in the liver and muscles reducing the availability of triglycerides to synthesize into VLDL, they enhance LDL activity, and stimulate A-I and A-II production which are components in HDL( good cholesterol).
What is the mechanism of action of cholesterol absorption inhibitors?
They block the absorption of cholesterol in the intestines which reduces the cholesterol that absorbed from digested food.
What is the mechanism of action of omega-3 fatty acids?
They combine polyunsaturated fatty acids from fish, vegetables, and other plant sources that are not made by the body to help lower triglyceride levels in the blood.
What is the mechanism of action of B3 vitamins?
They help the body metabolize fats and sugars.
What is the mechanism of action of diuretics?
They block sodium reabsorption causing the kidneys to produce more urine and helping them eliminate excess fluid and salt from the body.
What is the mechanism of action of anticoagulants?
They inhibit the various ways the blood forms clots.
What is the mechanism of action of antiplatelet drugs?
The prevent platelets from clumping together and forming clots.
What is the mechanism of action of vasodilators?
They relax the muscles in blood vessel walls which increases the supply of blood and oxygen to the heart.
What is the mechanism of action of cardiac glycosides?
They inhibit cell membranes from pumping sodium and potassium out which improves the strength and efficiency of the heart.
What is the mechanism of action of corticosteroids?
The bind to glucocorticoid receptors which alters gene expression and produces anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects.
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