Drug Classes Flashcards
Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (A2RBs)
Block angiotenisn II enzymes from receptor sites to help prevent vasoconstriction
Indications: Hypertension
Suffix: -artan
Generics: losartan, valsartan, telmisartan
Side effects: weakness, weight gain, lightheadedness, fainting,
Interactions: NSAIDS, other blood pressure medications, alcohol
Beta-blockers for High Blood Pressure
Blockers adrenaline receptors and mediates flight-ot-fight response
Indications: Hypertension
Suffix: -olol
Generics: atenolol, carvedilol, metoprolol, propranolol
Side effects: fatigue, cold hand, upset, stomach, dizziness, shortness of breath
Interactions: alcohol, MAO inhibitors
Calcium Channel Blockers
Disrupt movement of calcium ions by blocking calcium channels to lower blood pressure
Indication: Hypertension
Suffix: -pine
Generic: amlodipine, felodipine, nifedipine
Side effects: dizziness, swelling of ankles, cough, cold sweats
Interactions: alcohol, sildenafil, ritonavir
Outlier: diltiazem (an older generation with different side effects and interactions
ACE inhibitors
Block the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II to avoid vasoconstriction
Indication: Hypertension
Suffix: -pril
Generic: benazepril, enalapriil, fosinopril, lisinopril, quinapril, ramipril
Side effects: nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite
Interactions: other hypertenision & diabetes medications, insulin, alcohol, NSAIDS
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
Inhibit the body’s cholesterol production
Indication: High Cholesterol
Suffix: -statin
Generic: atorvastatin, lovastation, rosuvastatin, simvastatin
Side effects: diarrhea, headaches, loss of appetite
Interactions: birth control, liver disease, hiv/aids drugs
Fibrates: fibric acid derivatives
Generic: fenofibrates, gemfibrozil (interactions: -statin meds, warfarin, gallbladder, kidney, or liver disease)
Alpha Adrenergic Blockers
(Alpha Blockers)
Inhibit alpha adrenergic receptors to dilate veins and arterioles
Indication: Hypertension
Suffix: -zosin
Generic: doxazosin, prazosin, tamsulosin, terazosin
Side effects: headache, tiredness, painful prolonged erection
Interactions: sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil, beta blockers, diuretic
Blood thinners
Indication: Blood clots
Generic: clopidogrel, enoxaparin, rivaroxaban, warfarin
Side effects: unusual bleeding, heavy menstrual bleeding
Interactions: NSAIDS, antiviral drugs, antidepressants, steroid medication
Vasodilators
Nitroglycerin: for chest pain
Sodium nitroprusside: severe high blood pressure
Side effects: flushing, hypotension, heart palpitations
Interactions: erectile dysfunction drugs, local anesthetics
Generic: diazoxide, hydralazine, minoxidil, tolazoline
Indication: severe hypertension
Side effects: nausea, vomitin, increased hunger
Interactions: diuretics, blood pressure and thinner medication
Antiarrythmals
Digoxin, Digitoxin: Heart failure, irregular heartbeat
(extensive drug interaction)
Isosorbide dinitrate/mononitrate: angina
(NSAIDS, OTC cough and cold medication)
Quinidine: angina
(Blood thinner)
Flecainide, Mexiletine: angina
(lupus, any other antiarrhythmic)
Adenosine, amiodarone, propafenone: angina
(SSRIS, MAO inhibitors)
Side effects: headaches, dizziness, nausea, loss of appetite
Diuretic
Indication: Angina
Furosemide (water pill), hydrochlorothiazide: (hormones, laxtives, nsaids, hypertesion medication
Spironolactone, triamterene: (ACE inhibitors, diabetes medication, blood thinners, nsaids)
Side effects: dry mouth, weakness, stomach cramps
Benzodiazepines
Act as sedatives to treat seizure, sleep, and anxiety disorders
Indication: seizure, sleep, and anixety disorders
Suffix: -pam, -lam
Generic: alprazolam, clonazepam, lorazepam, diazepam, temazepam, triazolam
Side effects: depression, fatigue, addiction
Interaction: alcohol, narcotics, allergy meds
Barbitutuates
Indication: Anxiety, insomnia, seizures
suffix: -barbital
Generic: amobarbital, butabarbital, phenobarbital
Side effects: headache, nervousness, euphoria, lack of concentration
Interactions: alcohol, narotics, benzos, SSRIS
Hypnotics
Indication: Anxiety, insomnia, seizure
Generic: eszopiclone, ramellteon, zolpidem
Side effects: daytime drowiniess, dizziness, dry mouth
Interactions: alcohol, ssris
Antidepressant
(SSRIs, SNRIs, tricyclic)
SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors): depression, anxiety, peripheral neuropathy
Generic: citalopram, fluxetine, paroxetine, sertaline
SNRIs (serotonin snf norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors): depression, anxiety, chronic pain
Generic: desvanlafaxine, duloxetine, mirtazapine, venlafaxine
Side effects: headache, drowiness, decreased sex drive
Interactions: alcohol, MAO inhibitors, NSAIDs,
Bupropion: depression, smoking ( dry mouth, eye pain, weight loss or gain)
Trazodone: depression (anxiety seizures)
Nortriptyline: depression, nerve pain (tricycline)(anxiety, seizures)
Amitriptyline: depression, nerve pain (tricycline) (constipation, nausea, headache)
Interactions: alcohol, MAO inhibitors, diabetes seizure steriod hiv/aids meds
Antipsychotics
Generic: aripiprazole, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone
Indication: bipolar, schizophrenia, tourette’s syndrome
Side effects: headache, nausea, restlessness
Generic: lithium carbonate
Indication: manic episodes of bipolar
Side effects: hand tremors, vomiting, itchy skin
Interactions: alcohol, benzos, blood pressure meds
Generic: haloperidol (mental disorders)
Side effects: breast pain, dry mouth, change in menstration
Interactions: alchohol, seizure, liver disease, Parkinsons
