Drug cards Exam 2

Question 1

Corticosteroids
(Anti-inflammatory Drug)

Answer 1

Corticosteroids
Suffix: ONE
Medications: prednisone, cortisone, hydrocortisone, dexamethasone, methylprednisolone, prednisolone, betamethasone.
Intended Response: Reduce pain swelling of site, increase function of affected area.

Question 2

NSAIDS
(Anti-inflammatory)

Answer 2

NSADIS
Common Names: Aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen, celecoxib.
MOA: Prevent/limit tissue blood response.
Intended Response: Reduce pain, swelling, warmth of site of inflammation.

Question 3

Antihistamines/Histamine Blockers
(Ani-inflammatory) (Allergy)

Answer 3

Antihistamines
Suffix: ine
Medications: Cetirizine, diphenhydramine, fexofenadine

Question 4

Leukotriene Inhibitors
(Anti-inflammatory)
(Allergy)

Answer 4

Leukotriene Inhibitors
Common Names: montelukast, zileuton
Intended Response: Reduced Swelling of oral, nasal, eye, respiratory mucous membrane, reduced secretions, open narrow airways.
*Similar to Antihistamines

Question 5

DMARDS
(Arthritis and Anti-inflammatory)

Answer 5

DMARDS
Common Names: adalimumab(Humira), etanercept, hydroxychloroquine
Intended Response: Reduced Pain and other symptoms, function improved, progression of damage reduce/delayed.

Question 6

Bisphosphonates
(Osteoporosis)

Answer 6

Bisphosphonates
Suffix: dronate
Medications: Alendronate, ibandronate
Intended Response: Bones maintain density/strength

Question 7

Estrogen agonists/antagonists
(Osteoporosis)

Answer 7

Common Name: raloxifene
MOA: Bind to activate estrogen receptors in some tissues to block estrogen receptors in other tissues.
Intended Response: Prevent bone density loss * Similar to Bisphosphonates.

Question 8

Thiazide Diuretics
(Urine Output Diuretics)

Answer 8

Suffix: Thiazide
Medications: chlorothiazide, hydrochlorothiazide, metolazone.
Intended Response: Increase Urine Output, lighter urine color, lower Blood Pressure.

Question 9

Loop Diuretics
(Urine Output Diuretics)

Answer 9

Suffix: mide/nide
Medications: furosemide, bumetanide, torsemide.
Intended Response: Increase urine output, lighter urine color, lower Blood Pressure.

Question 10

Potassium- Sparing Diuretics
(Urine Output Diuretics)

Answer 10

Suffix: actone
Medications: Spironolactone, triamterene, amiloride.
Intended Response: Increase urine output without potassium loss.

Question 11

Urinary antispasmodies
(Overactive Bladder-OAB Drug)

Answer 11

Common names: oxybutynin, tolterodine, oxybutynin transdermal.
Intended Response: decrease urinary frequency and urgency.

Question 12

DHT Inhibitors-Dihydrotesterone
(Male Reproductive Problems: Drugs for BPH)

Answer 12

Common Names: dutasteride, finasteride
Intended Response: Decrease in pressure, improved urine flow, decreased BPH.
MOA: Work directly on the prostate gland.

Question 13

Alpha-1 Blockers
(Male Reproductive Problems: Drugs for BPH)

Answer 13

Suffix: osin
Medications: alfuzosin, silodosin, tamsulosin, terazosin.
Intended Response: decrease in pressure, improve urine flow, decrease BPH symptoms.
MOA: Relaxes the smooth muscle around the urethrae which contains Alpha-1 receptors.

Question 14

Selective Serotonin reuptake-inhibitors “SSRIS”
(Antidepressant/ Psychiatric)

Answer 14

Suffix: pram
Medications: citalopram, escitalopram, fluoxetine, paroxetine, sertraline.
Intended Response: Correct depression, decrease symptoms of depressed mood.

Question 15

Tricyclic Antidepressants-TCAs
(Antidepressant/ Psychiatric)

Answer 15

Suffix: tryptyline
Medications: amitriptyline, desipramine, imipramine, nortriptyline.
Intended Response: Treat depression, Bipolar disorder, Anxiety, and OCD.

Question 16

Benzodiazepines
(Antianxiety/ Psychiatric)

Answer 16

Suffix: lam/pram
Medications: alprazolam, clonazepam, chlordiazepoxide, diazepam, lorazepam.
Intended Response: Relieve anxiety, without too much sedation, decrease symptoms of anxiety and increase well-being.

Question 17

Antipsychotics
(Psychiatric)

Answer 17

Common Names: chlorpromazine, clozapine, olanzapine, prochlorperazine, risperidone.
Intended Response: Treat/control symptoms of psychosis-hallucinations, illusions, delusions.

Question 18

Benzodiazepine-Receptor-Agonist
(Insomnia)

Insomnia

Answer 18

Common Names: eszopiclone, zolpidem, zaleplon.
Intended Response: Insomnia is relieved and improved, person is sedated, sleep induced and sleep time decreased, sleep duration increased.

Question 19

Cell Wall Synthesis Inhibitors
(Antibacterial)

Anibacterial

5 Categories

Answer 19

5 categories and medications: Penicillins: amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavutanicacid.
Cephalosporins: cefazolin, cefdinir.
Monobactams: aztreonam
Carbapenems: doripenem, entapenenm, imipenem/citastatin. Glycopeptides: vancomycin, oritavancin, telavacin.
Intended Response: Bactericidial-Kills Bacteria.

Question 20

Protein Synthesis Inhibitors
(Antibaterial)

3 categories

Answer 20

Suffix: mycin/cycline
3 categories/medications: Aminglycosides: amikacin, getamicin, streptomycin.
Macrolides: azithromycin,clarithromycin.
Tetracyclines: doxycycline.
Intended Response: Slow bacterial reproduction (Bacteriostatic)/ kill bacteria (Bactericidal).

Question 21

Metabolism Inhibitors: Sulfonamides and Trimethoprim
(Antibacterial)

Answer 21

Medications: Sulfonamides: sulfadiazine, sulfamethoxazole.
Trimethoprim: trimethoprim.
Intended Response: Slows down bacterial reproduction.- Bacteriostatic

Question 22

DNA Synthesis Inhibitors: Fluoroquinoloes
(Antibacterial)

Answer 22

Suffix: floxacin
Medications: ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin.
Intended Response: Inhibit DNA synthesis and kill gram-negative bacteria.-bactericidal

Question 23

Antiviral Drugs

Answer 23

3 groups/Medications: [acyclovir, valacyolovir, amantadine]
[ribavirin]
[oseltamivir]
Intended Response: Slow down infection/disease of viruses-virustatic.

Question 24

Antiretroviral Drugs

Answer 24

7 categories: Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)
Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs)
Protease inhibitors (PIs)
Fusion inhibitors
CCR5 antagonists
Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs)
Attachment inhibitors
Intended Response: Suppresion of viral reproduction (virustac)-Measured by “viral load” and decreaed opportunistic infections.

Question 25

Potassium Supplements
(Drugs that Affect Urine Output)