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Trinity EMS: Advanced EMT > Drug Cards > Flashcards

Drug Cards Flashcards

Class drug cards for Trinity EMS AEMT class. Does not include individually assigned drugs.

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
NREMT® EMT flashcards
1
Q

Zofran generic name

A

Ondansetron

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2
Q

Zofran indications

A

Nausea and vomiting

often from chemotherapy, radiation and anesthesia

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3
Q

Zofran contraindications

A

Use caution in patients with hepatic impairment

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4
Q

Zofran side effects

A

CNS: dizziness, fatigue, headache, malaise, sedation
Cardio: arrhythmias, chest pain
GI: constipation, diarrhea, abdominal pain
Other: muscular pain, chills

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5
Q

Oxygen Indications

A 
Increased oxygen demand
Hypoxia 
Chest pain related to cardiac (anything)
Respiratory insufficiency 
Neurological disease or disorder 
Hypoperfusion 
Trauma
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6
Q

Oxygen Contraindications

A

None

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7
Q

Oxygen Side Effects

A

Dry mucous membranes
Upper respiratory irritations
Possibility for very rare pulmonary edema

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8
Q

Oxygen Dosages

A 
Nasal Cannula         2 - 6 lpm
Simple facemask    6 - 10 lpm 
Nonrebreather       10 - 15 lpm
Nebulizer                  6 - 8 lpm
BVM                              15 lpm
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9
Q

Zofran Adult Dose

A

4mg in IV push over 2-5 minutes

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10
Q

Zofran Pedatric Dose

A

1 month - 12 years who weigh MORE than 40kg:
4 mg IV push, 2-5 min (same as adult)
1 month - 12 years who weigh LESS than 40kg:
0.1mg/kg IV as a single dose

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11
Q

Albuterol trade names

A

Proventil, Ventolin, Albuterol

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12
Q

Albuterol indications

A

Onset of bronchospasms in patients with reversible obstructive airway diseases (i.e.: COPD, Asthma)

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13
Q

Albuterol Contraindications

A

Known hypersensitivity
Tachycardic arrhythmias (especially caused by digitalis)
Synergistic (will combined and amplify) with other simpathomimetics (fight or flight imitators)

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14
Q

Albuterol side effects

A

CNS: restlessness, tremors, dizziness,
Cardio: palpitations, tachycardia, peripheral dilation, increased BP
GI: nausea, vomiting, hyperglycemia,
Other: paradoxical bronchospasm

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15
Q

Albuterol Adult dose

A

Nebulized: using 0.5% solution strength
0.5ml of albuterol mixed in 2.5ml normal saline
hand held nebulizer over 10-15min

MDI: 1-2 inhaler puffs (90-180micrograms)
5 minutes between MDI doses

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16
Q

Albuterol Pediatric dose

A

Nebulized:
0.05 - 0.15mg/kg mixed in 2ml of normal saline
May repeat every 20min, MAX 3 doses

MDI:
look for “spacer” in rx MDI to pediatric patient’s
Follow as prescribed, look for indications of every day inhaler vs rescue inhaler

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17
Q

Aspirin indications

A

inhibit platelet aggregation in suspected MI, new onset of chest pain suggestive of acute MI

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18
Q

Aspirin contraindications

A

asthma with nasal polyps
hypersensitivity
acute GI bleed

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19
Q

Aspirin side effects

A

nausea, heartburn, GI bleed, may prolong labor/bleeding,

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20
Q

Aspirin Adult dosage

A

160mg - 325mg by mouth, chewed if possible

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21
Q

Aspirin Pediatric dosage

A

not (generally recommended) call medical control

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22
Q

D50 indication

A 
hypoglycemia
coma of unknown origin 
seizures of unknown origin 
altered level of consciousness 
status epilepticus
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23
Q

D50 contraindications

A

hyperglycemia
known hypersensitivity
intracranial hemorrhaging

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24
Q

D50 side effects

A

tissue necrosis if anywhere outside the vein
raises glucose levels
nausea
burning/warmth

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25
Q

D50 Adult dosage

A

Comes in preloaded syringe

adult: 12.5 - 25g SLOW IV push
* may be repeated as needed, 5 min apart*

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26
Q

D50 Pediatric dosage

A

0.5 - 1g/kg SLOW IV push
may be repeated as needed, 5 min apart
CALL MED CONTROL

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27
Q

Glucagon indication

A

Altered LOC with suspected hypoglycemia

Can be used in beta blocker over dose to alter force or energy of muscle contractions

28
Q

Glucagon contraindications

A

hyperglycemia

hypersensitivity

29
Q

Glucagon side effects

A

nausea
vomiting
tachycardia
hypertension

30
Q

Glucagon Adult dosage

A

comes in ampules (1 mg)
0.5 - 1mg IM for hypoglycemia
may repeat in 7-10 min

31
Q

Glucagon Pediatric dosage

A

comes in ampules (1mg)
IF CHILD IS OVER 20kg
0.5 - 1mg IM for hypoglycemia
CALL MEDICAL CONTROL

32
Q

Narcan/Naloxone indications

A 
opiate overdose 
coma of unknown origin 
decreased LOC 
narcotic agonist 
depression of CNS from opioids
33
Q

Narcan/Naloxone contraindications

A

use caution in patient’s with hepatic impairment

use caution in neonates of addicted mothers

34
Q

Narcan/Naloxone side effects

A 
Complete reversal of narcotic/opioid effects
withdrawals in addicted patients 
tachycardia 
hypertension 
arrhythmias 
vomiting 
sweating
35
Q

Narcan/Naloxone dosage

A

0.4 - 2.0mg IV
May repeat in 5 min intervals
MAX DOSE 10mg

36
Q

Nitroglycerin indications

A 
acute chest pain 
ischemic chest pain 
hypertension 
CHF
pulmonary edema
37
Q

Nitroglycerin contraindications

A

hypotension
hypovolemia
intracranial bleeding or head injury
Erectile Dysfunction meds in last 24-36 hours

38
Q

Nitroglycerin side effects

A 
headache 
hypotension 
syncope
dizziness
nausea 
vomiting 
muscle twitching
39
Q

Nitroglycerin dosage

A

pills:
0.3 - 0.4mg sublingual
may repeat 3-5 min
MAX 3 doses

spray:
1 - 2 sprays (0.4mg) sublingual

Peds: CALL MEDICAL CONTROL

40
Q

Nitrous Oxide indications

A

Moderate to severe pain
apprehension
anxiety

41
Q

Nitrous Oxide contraindications

A 
impaired LOC
head injury 
inability to follow commands 
decompression (diver) sickness 
undiagnosed abdominal pain 
COPD 
cyanosis 
chest trauma with pneumothorax
42
Q

Nitrous Oxide side effects

A 
nausea 
headaches 
euphoria 
cyanosis 
vomiting 
drowsiness
43
Q

Nitrous Oxide dosages

A

Adult and pediatric:
Hand held mask, instruct patient to take deep slow inhale. D/C when pain is controlled or patient is no longer able to hold or control mask

44
Q

Oral glucose indications

A

CONSCIOUS patient with hypoglycemia

45
Q

Oral glucose contraindications

A 
unable to follow commands 
no control over swallowing 
intracrainial swelling/pressure 
head injury 
hypersensitivity 
nausea 
vomiting
46
Q

Oral glucose side effects

A

nausea

vomiting

47
Q

Oral glucose dosage

A

Adults and peds:
Liquid - sipped slowly until clinical improvement
Gel - fed slowly or applied between cheek and gums

48
Q

Oxygen indications

A 
Respiratory insufficiency
Trauma
Low SP02
Suspected carbon monoxide poisoning 
decreased LOC
49
Q

Oxygen contraindications

A

Patient’s with restrictive diseases (COPD etc) may not tolerate higher concentrations as well

Still apply O2, monitor patient

50
Q

Oxygen side effects

A

dry/irritated mucosal membranes
upper respiratory irritation
Can decrease LOC and respiratory in patients with chronic CO poisoning

51
Q

Oxygen dosages

A 
Nasal Cannula:       2 - 6 lpm 
Nebulizer                6 - 8 lpm
Simple face mask  6 - 10 lpm
Non Rebreather    10 - 15 lpm
BVM                              15 lpm
52
Q

Lactated Ringers/(Hartman’s Solution) Indications

A

Hypovolemic shock
TKO/KVO IV line
(To Keep Open)
(Keep Vein Open)

53
Q

LR/(Hartmans’s Solution) Contraindications

A

renal failure patients

CHF patients

54
Q

LR/(Hartman’s Solution) side effects

A

rare/few

pain, warmth, swelling at IV site

55
Q

LR/(Hartman’s Solution) dosages

A

TKO/KVO

Hypovolemic shock: titrate to physiological response

56
Q

D5W, Dextrose 5% indications

A

IV access for emergency drugs

used with IV drip drugs which need to be diluted

57
Q

D5W contraindications

A

Do NOT use for fluid replacement

Do NOT use with Dilantin or Inocor

58
Q

D5W side effects

A

few in therapeutic doses

warmth/burning at IV site

59
Q

D5W dosages

A

Use mini drip (60 drop/mL) at KVO

60
Q

Normal Saline/0.9% Sodium Chloride Indications

A 
Hypovolemia 
Heat related injury/illness
freshwater drowning 
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Keep IV line open
61
Q

NS/0.9% Sodium Chloride contraindications

A

CHF patient’s as can easily induce circulatory overload

use caution in dialysis patients - possible overload

62
Q

NS Dosages

A

Always refer to protocol for specific C/C
Bolus: wide open
TKO: to keep open
Specific rates: example 100ml/h

63
Q

Epinephrine (adrenaline) indications

A

Anaphylactic reaction
allergic reaction
asthma
cardiac arrest

64
Q

Epinephrine (adrenaline) side effects

A

Tachycardia, hypertension, palpitations, chest pain

dizziness, tremors, seizures, ventricular fibrillation (vfib)

65
Q

Epinephrine (adrenaline) Adult dosages

A

1:1,00 = ampules/vials
1:10,00 = pre filled syringe
EpiPen AutoInjector: 1:2,00

Allergy/asthma: 0.3 - 0.5mL of 1:1,00(vial) given SC
Anaphylaxis: 1mL of 1:10,00 (syringe) IV over 5 min

66
Q

Epinephrine(Adrenaline) Pediatric dosages

A

Mild allergy/asthma: 0.01mg/kg of 1:1,00 (vial) given SC

MAX of 0.3ml

Trinity EMS: Advanced EMT (4 decks)

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