Drug Bonds Flashcards
What is the primary structure of a protein?
Linear sequence of amino acids
What characterizes the secondary structure of a protein?
Folding of amino acid chain into regular patterns
E.g. alpha helices and beta sheets
Define tertiary structure in protein.
Folding of protein into overall 3D structure
What is the quaternary structure of a protein?
Assembly of subunits to form functional protein
What are the two termini of an amino acid?
- α N terminus * C terminus
What is a binding domain?
A region that interacts specifically with another molecule
What is a pharmacophore?
Minimum set of structural features a molecule must have to fit into a target’s binding domain
The part of a molecule responsible for its biological activity
What is the bond strength range for covalent bonds?
200-800 kJ/mol
What is the bond strength range for ionic bonds?
40-200 kJ/mol
True or False: Hydrogen bonds are the strongest type of bond.
False
What is the typical strength range for hydrogen bonds?
2-30 kJ/mol
What is required for hydrogen bonds to form?
- Electronegative atom with lone pair(s) * Electronegative atom covalently bonded to hydrogen
Fill in the blank: Covalent bonds involve _______.
Electron sharing
What are hydrophobic bonds?
Interactions between nonpolar molecules in aqueous environments
What is the significance of gain in entropy (ΔS)?
Indicates the spontaneity of a reaction
What is the strength range of Van der Waals forces?
0.4-4 kJ/mol
What type of bonds are stronger than hydrogen bonds?
Ionic bonds
Define anion.
An atom that has gained an electron
Define cation.
An atom that has lost an electron
What is the role of valence shell electrons?
Involved in forming bonds between atoms
What are the properties of hydrogen bonds?
Highly directional and moderately strong
Atoms have to be in a straight line for the bond to have full strength
What is the definition of electronegativity?
The tendency of an atom to attract electrons
What is a good hydrogen bond donor?
An electronegative atom covalently bonded to hydrogen
What is a good hydrogen bond acceptor?
An electronegative atom with lone pairs
