Drug adverse reactions Flashcards
gentamycin
ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity
vancomycin
ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity
ACE-i
hypotension, hyperkalaemia, cough, AKI
Beta blockers
hypotension, bradycardia, Wheeze (asthmatics), worsens acute HF (but helps chronic)
CCB’s
hypotension, bradycardia, peripheral oedema, flushing
Diuretics
hypotension, electrolyte abnormalities, AKI, Spironolactone only: Gynaecomastia
Heparins
Haemorrhage, Heparin induced thrombocytopenia (pro-thrombotic state!)
Warfarin
Haemorrhage (initially pro-coagulant and takes a few days to work so prescribe heparin as a bridge)
Aspirin
haemorrhage, peptic ulcer/gastritis, tinnitus at large doses
digoxin
N&V&D, Confusion, blurred vision, yellow-green vision (xanthopsia) and halos in vision, drowsiness
LOW K+ augments digoxin’s effect! and HIGH K+ limit the effect!
Amiodarone
Lung fibrosis (upper?), hypothyroidism (and HYPER may also occur), skin greying, corneal deposits
Lithium
Early-Tremor
intermediate-tiredness
Late-arrythmias, seizures, coma, renal failure, diabetes insipidus
Haloperidol
dyskinesias (acute dystonic reactions), drowsiness
Clozapine
agranulocytosis
Dexamethasone and prednisolone
STEROIDS:
Stomach ulcers
Thin skin
(o)Edema
Right and left heart failure
Osteoporosis (and avascular necrosis)
Infection (including candida)
Diabetes(commonly causes hyperglycaemia, doesn’t often cause full diabetes)
Cushing’s syndrome
Note abrupt withdrawal/illness may precipitate addisonian crisis (remember sick day rules)
Fludrocortisone
hypertension, sodium and water retention
Ibuprofen and NSAIDS
NSAID:
No-urine (AKI)
Systolic dysfunction (Heart failure)
Asthma
Indigestion (stomach ulcers)
Dyscrasia (clotting abnormality)
Statins
Myalgia (most common, note Check CK! if myalgia occurs can reduce dose, then try diff statin, then try diff lipid lowering drug)
Also causes: abdominal pain, Rhabdomyolysis, increased ALT/AST (can be mild)
PPI’s
Hyponataemia, hypomagnesaemia
