Drug Administration (Exam 1)

Question 1

Acute Therapy drugs

Answer 1

sustain life or treat a disease

Question 2

Maintenance

Answer 2

prevent disease progression

Question 3

Supplemental

Answer 3

supply substances not avaailable to the body

Question 4

Palliative therapy

Answer 4

maintain comfort

Question 5

supportive therapy

Answer 5

maintain function (ex: drugs to help with arthritis)

Question 6

Prophylactic therapy

Answer 6

prevent disease

Question 7

Common Protocols and Techniques for All Routes of Administration

Answer 7

Verify med order
ID patient, assess prior to meds
ask patient about known allergies
educate patient about drug
position patient for safe administration 
wash hands and apply gloves
ID patient (2 forms) Name/DOB
Remove prepackaged drug at bedside
Document administration and pertinent patient responses

Question 8

Single order

Answer 8

(drug order) once at a specific time

Question 9

Routine order

Answer 9

(drug order) to be completed within 2 hours of receipt

Question 10

Standing orders

Answer 10

(drug order) written in advance of a situation to be carried out under specific circumstances
ex: treatment for low blood glucose

Question 11

STAT

Answer 11

statim=immediate

drug ordered to be given once and immediately

Question 12

ASAP

Answer 12

as soon as possible

drug ordered to be administrated within 30 minutes

Question 13

PRN

Answer 13

pro re nata=as required

drug ordered to be administered as required by the patient’s condition

Question 14

SIX Rights of Medication Administration

Answer 14

Right patient
Right drug
Right dose
Right time
Right route
Right documentation
right education for patient is also required

Question 15

3 checks of drug administration

Answer 15

1. checking drug with EMAR when removing it from storage
2. checking drug when preparing it, pouring it, taking it out of the unit-dose container, or prior to connecting IV tubing to bag
3. checking drug before administering it to the patient

Question 16

Enteral administration

Answer 16

oral-by mouth
sublingual-under tongue
buccal-cheek
rectal

Question 17

Parenteral route

Answer 17

(injection)
intravenous-into the vein
intramuscular-into the muscle
subcutaneous-into the subcutaneous layer of the skin
intradermal- into the dermal layer of the skin
intrathecal-into the subarachnoid space (used for anesthesia, ex: administration of analgesia during labor/surgery))
intraarticular-into a joint

Question 18

Topical Route

Answer 18

topical routes include meds that can be given through patches or ointments to; skin, eye, ear, nose, lungs (inhalation)

Question 19

Medication Errors

Answer 19

error in patient assessment: inadequate med or med history
error in prescribing: wrong drug, incorrect dose, illegible written order
Administration errors: one of the “rights” of the administration compromised
Distracting environmental factors and stress

Question 20

adverse pharmacologic reaction

Answer 20

drug has less/more effect than intended

Question 21

Idiosyncratic adverse reaction

Answer 21

individual has unexpected reaction

Question 22

Hypersensitivity reaction

Answer 22

allergic response

Question 23

Drug interactions

Answer 23

two or more drugs in the body produce an unwanted effect

Question 24

Sentinel Event

Answer 24

unexpected serious or fatal injury following the administration or lack of administration of a medication
immediate investigation and response to even
Root cause analysis- is used to identify causes and required interventions to prevent recurrence

Question 25

RCA Process

Answer 25

investigates and evaluates causative factors
initiation of performance improvement
action plan development to prevent recurrence
understand sequence of events
done within 45 days and confidential

Question 26

Compliance

Answer 26

taking med in the manner prescribed by the health care provider
deviation from compliance: poor education on drug, cost of drug, forgetting doses, annoying side effects, self-adjustment of doses, fear of dependency