Drug Admin, Absorbtion & Distribution Flashcards
What are the two main types of administration
Enteral and parenteral
What are the enteral routes
What are the parenteral routes
Example of drug for sublingual route
Nitroglycerin
Where are gluteal injections administered and why
Upper lateral quadrant
To avoid puncture of the sciatic nerve
What’s the most common parenteral route
IV through the antecubital vein in the cubical fossa
At what angle are intermuscular drugs given
90
At what angle are IV drugs given
45
What’s the fastes route of drug administration
IV
At what angle are subcutaneous drugs given
15
Example of subcutaneous drug
Insulin
At what angle are I trader Mal injections given
<15
What’s the slowest route of drug administration
Intradermal
What’s the intrathecal route of drug administration
Given into the CSF though the spine
What’s the second fastest route of drug administration
Inhalational
Difference between intradermal and transdermal
Intradermal are injected while transdermal is through pat hes
Example of inhalational drug
Salbutamol (asthma)
What is drug absorption
Transfer of drugs from site of administration to blood stream
Mechanisms of drug absorption
Passive diffusion
Facilitated diffusion
Active transport
Endocytosis
Exocytosis
Osmosis
Factors affecting drug absorption
Route of administration
Solubility of drug
Concentration
pH
Blood flow
Surface area of absorption site
Contact time of absorption site
Presence of P- Glycoprotein
What kind of drugs are absorbed faster and why
Lipophilic drugs are absorbed fatter than hydrophilic drugs
Because of the lipid cell membrane