Drug Abuse: Human Condition and Clinical Definition

Question 1

Rank the following in terms of incidence (highest to lowest): drug addicts, legal drug users, and illicit drug users

Answer 1

Legal drug users -> illicit drug users -> drug addicts

Question 2

What has happened to the rate of illegal drug use in recent decades?

Answer 2

It has stayed approximately the same

Question 3

Rate the following groups of people in terms of drug use (highest to lowest): Whites, Blacks, Hispanics, Native Americans

Answer 3

Native Americans (highest) -> Whites, Blacks, Hispanics (about the same for all 3)

Question 4

For the following drug categories, are more educated or less educated people more likely to use them, or are they the same?

1) Alcohol
2) Tobacco
3) Illegal drugs

Answer 4

1) Educated
2) Less educated
3) About the same

Question 5

What effect has increased drug enforcement spending in the US had on drug use rates?

Answer 5

Little to none

Question 6

In a government survey, were the percentages of people still using illegal drugs a year after they tried them for the first time high or low? What legal drug had the highest rates of continued use? About what percentage of people developed dependence on illegal drugs in this survey? For which two drugs was this percentage highest?

Answer 6

Low
Alcohol
About 10% or less
Heroin and crack cocaine

Question 7

National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) definition of addiction: ___ brain ____ that causes compulsive drug ___ and ____, despite harmful ____ to the addicted individual and those around them.

Answer 7

Chronic
Disease
Seeking and use
Consequences

Question 8

The clinical definition of addiction comes from what source?

Answer 8

DSM

Question 9

What was a major change from the classification of substance use disorder from the DSM IV to the DSM V? Does this match up with current science of addiction? Why or why not?

Answer 9

Disorder criteria are based on drug of abuse

No- common neural pathway affected by all drugs of abuse

Question 10

The DSM V has what 4 main categories defining the pathological set of behaviors common to different substances?

Answer 10

Impaired control
Social impairment
Risky use
Pharmacological indicators (tolerance/withdrawal)

Question 11

Impaired control in DSM V’s definition of substance use disorder:

1) Using drugs more ___ or in greater ____ than intended
2) Being unsuccessful in ____ drug use
3) Spending ____ time in activities related to drug use
4) Intense ____ for the drug

Answer 11

1) Often
Amounts
2) Reducing
3) Excessive
4) Craving

Question 12

Social impairment in DSM V’s definition of substance use disorder:

1) Continued use of drugs despite interference with ____
2) Continued use of drugs despite _____ problems arising from substance use
3) ____ and ____ activities are reduced because they interfere with substance use

Answer 12

1) Obligations
2) Interpersonal
3) Social and recreational

Question 13

Risky use in DSM V’s definition of substance use disorder:

1) Using drugs in physically ____ situations
2) Using drugs despite causing or worsening of ___ or ___ problems
3) Continued use of drugs in spite of ___ consequences

Answer 13

1) Dangerous
2) Physical
Psychological
3) Legal

Question 14

DSM V added what to modify substance use disorder diagnosis? How does this affect diagnosis of a continued user of a drug?

Answer 14

Degrees of severity (mild, moderate, severe)
Continued user automatically gets mild diagnosis: tolerance and withdrawal occur even with mild drugs (i.e. caffeinated drinks)

Question 15

In the DSM IV, how is substance abuse disorder different from substance dependence disorder?

Answer 15

Substance abuse disorder focuses on social impairment and risky use
Substance dependence disorder focuses on impaired control and pharmacological indicators (tolerance/withdrawal)