DRRR Flashcards
1
Q
A situation involving exposure to danger.
A
Risk
2
Q
The potential of gaining/losing something of value resulting from a given action/inaction, foreseen or unforeseen
A
Risk
3
Q
An unavoidabledanger/risk, even though foreseeable due to the absence/lack of predictability, chance, or uncertainty
A
Hazard
4
Q
A hazardous situation that has come to pass
A
Incident
5
Q
A sudden event that causes great damage/loss of life
A
Disaster
6
Q
A variety of subjective judgement people make about the severity/probability of a risk
A
Risk Perception
7
Q
TRUE/FALSE: All human endeavors carry an equal amount of risk.
A
FALSE. Some human endeavors are much riskier than others.
8
Q
What is the first step in performing a risk assessment?
A
Identification of hazard
9
Q
What are the modes of a hazard?
A
- Dormant
- Armed
- Active
10
Q
Mode of hazard where nothing around the environment of the situation will be affected
A
Dormant
11
Q
Mode of hazard where people, property, or environment are in potential harm’s way
A
Armed
12
Q
Mode of hazard where the hazard has actually occurred
A
Active
13
Q
What are the types of hazard?
A
- Physical Hazard
- Chemical Hazard
- Biological Hazard
- Psychological Hazard
- Ergonomic Hazard
14
Q
The diminishes capacity of an individual/group to anticipate, cope with, etc. from the impact of a natural/manmade hazard.
A
Vulnerability
15
Q
The resources available to individuals/groups to cope with a threat or to resist the impact of a hazard.
A
Capacity
16
Q
Types of Disasters/Hazards
A
- Natural Hazard
2. Technological/Manmade Hazard
17
Q
The organization and management of resources and responsibilities for dealing with all humanitarian aspects of emergencies, preparedness, etc. to lessen the impact of disasters
A
Disaster management
18
Q
A systematic approach to identifying, assessing, and reducing the risk of disaster
A
Disaster Risk Reduction
19
Q
Risk assessment is the process of…
A
- identifying hazards
- analyzing/evaluating the risk associated with that hazard
- determining appropriate ways to eliminate/control the hazard
- capacity and vulnerability analysis matrix
20
Q
Categories of Vulnerability
A
- Physical/Material
- Social/Organizational
- Attitudinal/Motivational
21
Q
Who said that a hazard is of “natural, man-made, and related environment, and technological origin”?
A
Kyogo and Sendai Framework
22
Q
It is a combination of natural and manmade hazard
A
Socio-natural Hazard
23
Q
Understanding people’s previous experiences to hazards and analyzing available resources
A
Capacity Assessment
24
Q
What are the toold to ensure the community’s participation in capacity assessment?
A
- historical profiles
- timelines on how people coped in the past
- seasonal calendar
- gendered resource mapping
- gendered benefit analysis
- livelihood analysis
- institutional networks analysis
- presence of services and banking
- media
- equipment and resources inventory
25
What are the elements at risk?
- Physical (facilities and services)
- Social (people)
- Economic (livelihood and other economic activities)
- Environmental (degradation of natural environment)
- Community (ex.: households, groups with shared experiences, etc.)
26
The assets, resources, and skills available within a community organization that can be used to reduce the risk/effects of a disaster
Capacity
27
The process through which individuals, organizations, and societies obtain, strengthen, and maintain the capabilities to set/achieve their own objectives over time
Capacity Development
28
This supports the initial stages of creating capacities often by outsiders
Capacity Building
29
This is the United Nation's global development network.
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
30
What does NDRRMC stand for?
National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council
31
What are the UNDP assumptions for sustainable DRR capacities?
- locally owned/generated capacity
- stakeholder group development of DRR capacity
- development of technical capacities associated with professional disciplines
- enabling env't (or gov't idk dont @ me)
32
The ability of people, organizations, and systems to use available resources to face/manage adverse conditions by continuing awareness and good management (during normal times and in crisis)
Capacity Assessment
33
The process that determines how people cope in terms (times?) of crisis to reduce the damaging effect of hazards
Coping Capacity
34
What are the components in determining risk?
1. Hazard occurrence probability
2. Elements at risk
3. Vulnerability of the elements at risk
35
The pre- and post-assessment actions to keep the losses to a minimum in human, structural, and economic aspects
Loss management
36
Activities that focus on reducing the community vulnerability to hazards
Pre-disaster loss management
37
This focuses on improving the emergency response and broadening the range of support given to victims (i.e. facilities, relief delivery, and stimulating rapid recovery)
Post-disaster loss management
38
What are the classifications of a natural hazard/disaster?
1. Meteorological (caused by weather and atmospheric conditions)
2. Hydrological (freshwater and saltwater)
3. Geophysical (from solid earth)
4. Climatological (caused by long-lived atmospheric processes)
5. Biological (caused by exposure to organisms)
6. Extraterrestrial (caused by asteroids, meteoroids, and comets)
39
This is a kind of hazard that forms in the northern hemisphere due to very low pressure phenomena.
Cyclone
40
TRUE/FALSE: The "eye" in the center of a cyclone flows counter-clockwise.
TRUE.
41
What are the classifications of a tropical cyclone?
1. Tropical Depression (35-65 kph)
2. Tropical Storm (66-118 kph)
3. Typhoon (more than 118 kph)
42
This is a mature tropical cyclone that develops in the western part of the North Pacific Ocean.
Typhoon
43
This region is between 180˚ and 100˚. It is the most active tropical cyclone basin on Earth.
Northwestern Pacific Basin
44
TRUE/FALSE: The Northwestern Pacific Basin accounts for almost three-fifths of the world's annual tropical cyclones.
FALSE. It accounts for almost one-third of the world's annual tropical cyclones.
45
When does a typhoon dissipate?
When it moves over land.
46
What are the expected occurrences of a typhoon?
- 30-60 kph wind expected in at least 36 hrs
- 60-100 kph wind expected in at least 24 hrs
- 101-185 kph wind expected in at least 18 hrs
- 185+ kph wind expected in at least 12 hrs
47
A thunderstorm is a weather condition that has heavy rainfall and can possibly create a tornado. What are its two "components"?
Thunder and lightning.
48
A bright flash of electricity in the sky is called lightning. How many people does it kill yearly?
75-100 people
49
It is a mobile, destructive vortex of violently rotating winds having the appearance of a funnel-shaped cloud and advancing beneath a large storm system.
Tornado
50
What is the difference between a hurricane and a tornado?
Their origin.
| Hurricanes originate from the sea. Tornadoes originate on land.
51
What is the time seeing the lightning and hearing the thunder claps?
1 second = 1000 feet (someone pls explain this to me)
52
It is the flowing and covering of water on land. It is sometimes a result of storm surges and tsunami(s?) in coastal areas.
Flood
53
What are the possible causes of flood?
- rise of water from stream
- drainage
- enclosed body of water and rivers overflowing on adjacent lands
- continuous heavy rain fall
54
What are some factors of floods?
- intensity of rain fall
- duration of rain fall
- condition and ground cover of the soil
55
It is the rising of sea water to coastal areas above the normal sea level due to weather phenomena (i.e. atmospheric pressures).
Storm-surge
56
It is the downward and upward movement of the slope, causing the soil and rocks to collapse then slip down the lower ground, esp. in mountainsides.
Landslides
57
TRUE/FALSE: Landslides are initiated when a part of a hill slope or section of a sea bed is too thick.
FALSE. Landslides are initiated when a part of a hill slope or section of a sea bed is too weak to support its weight. They may also be triggered by prolonged rainfall or an increase in the water content of the soil.
58
If the landslide is a result of an earthquake and/or volcanic eruption, it is categorized as _____.
Geological hazard
59
It is a phenomenon that limits the amount of nutrients in deep water. It can cause heat strokes, hypertension, and even death.
El Niño
60
It is a phenomenon that is associated with cooler-than-average sea surface temperatures in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean
La Niña
61
It is a kind of hazard that occurs in many places of the world, usually in mountainous places with rainy environment. It is a result of prolonged rainfall that pushes the soil to collapse.
Rainfall-induced landslide
62
It is a natural hole in the earth's surface and is caused by natural dissolution process in sandstone or chemical dissolution of carbonate rocks, causing the soil beneath the ground to erode.
Sink hole
63
What is another term for sink hole?
Wallet snake hole
64
TRUE/FALSE: There is no warning for the sudden appearance of sink holes.
TRUE
65
This type of sink hole can be developed abruptly over a period of hours
.Cover collapse sink hole
66
This type of sink hole forms slowly overtime on the ground gradually subsiding or deflating
Cover substance sink hole
67
TRUE/FALSE: Sink holes are usually similar in size and depth.
FALSE. Sink holes and vary in size from a few feet to hundreds of acres and in depth from less than one to hundreds of feet deep.
68
What human activities can cause sinkholes?
1. collapses from old mines
2. leaky faucets when sewers give way
3. ground water construction and pumping
4. acquifer system
69
A/An ____ is an underground layer of water-bearing permeable rock, rock fractures, or unconsolidated materials from which groundwater can be extracted using a water well.
Acquifer
70
It is the study of water flow in acquifers and its characterization.
Hydrogeology
71
Give some clues that a sinkhole is forming.
1. concentric cracks on the ground
2. sagging fence posts or trees
3. newly exposed areas at the bottom of fence posts, trees, or foundations
4. cracks in building foundations
5. ceiling separating from the wall
6. cloudy water pump
7. standing pools of rainwater in unusual places
72
It is a technological hazard that consists of heat, oxygen, and fuel. There is also a concentration of toxic gases (i.e. carbon monoxide).
Fire
73
How do you extinguish a fire?
1. Apply cooling agent.
2. Apply chemical fire retardant.
3. Scrape the embers from a fire source.
4. Turn of the electricity.
74
What are the elements of a fire?
- Heat
- Fuel (anything flammable)
- Oxygen
extra:
- Chemical chain reaction
75
This fire involves titanium, lithium, and magnesium.
Class D Fire
76
TRUE/FALSE: Applying water to a Class D fire will only worsen the combustion.
TRUE. Firefighters usually approach Class D fires differently. One example is by applying sand.
77
Give some common causes of fire.
1. kitchen stove
2. electric blanket
3. faulty wiring
4. smoking in bed (while hes having a smoke and shes taking a drag now theyre going to bed and my stomach is sick)
5. lighting (lightning? idk)
6. flammable liquids
7. clothes dryer
8. candles
9. home heating
10. children
78
What are the classifications of a manmade hazard/disaster?
1. Industrial accident
2. Transport accident
3. Miscellaneous accident
