DRRR Flashcards
1
Q
are majestic natural wonders that captivate our imagination and shape the landscaps around us.
A
Volcanoes
2
Q
horseshoe-shaped belt of intense volcanic activity
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Ring of fire
3
Q
frequent earthquakes that encircles the edge of the pacific ocean,
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Ring of fire
4
Q
this region is home to approximately 75% of the world’s active volcano
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Ring of fire
5
Q
horseshoe-shaped belt of intense volcanic activity and frequent earthquakes that encircles the edge of the pacific ocean, this region is home to approximately 75% of the world’s active volcano
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Ring of fire
6
Q
opening in the earth’s crust
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Volcanoes
7
Q
which molten rock, gas, and other material are released from deep within the Earth’s crust.
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Volcanoes
7
Q
e formed when molten rock called magma rises to the surface
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volcanoes
8
Q
are opening in the earth’s crust through which molten rock, gas, and other material are released from deep within the Earth’s crust.
- are formed when molten rock called magma rises to the surface
A
volcanoes
9
Q
Parts of volcanoes
A
- Magma chamber
- sill
- cone
- conduit
- ash cloud
- crater
- lava floe
10
Q
- A reservoir
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magma chamber
11
Q
where magma is stored beneath the volcano
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magma chamber
12
Q
A reservoir where magma is stored beneath the volcano
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magma chamber
13
Q
Mass of tiny volcanic rock fragments, dust, and gases that are released into the air
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ash cloud
14
Q
pipe-like structure that connects the magma chamber to the surface
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conduit
15
Q
pipe-like structure
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conduit
16
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Flat rock formation
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sill
17
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that forms when molten magma cools and solidifies in a crack or fissure
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sill
18
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Flat rock formation that forms when molten magma cools and solidifies in a crack or fissure
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sill
19
Q
bowl shaped depression at the top of the volcano
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crater
19
Q
bowl shaped
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crater
20
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Steep, conical-shaped hill or mountain formed by layers of volcanic material.
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cone
21
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Molten rock that flows from a volcano during an eruption
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lava
22
Q
Types of Volcano
A
Shield cone volcano
composite conevolcano
cinder cone volcano
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Volcano with a shaped of warrior’s shield
shield volcano
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Steep-sided, conical volcanoes
cinder cone volcano
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are formed by explosive eruptions of ash, cinders, and dust
cinder cone volcano
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Steep-sided, conical volcanoes are formed by explosive eruptions of ash, cinders, and dust
cinder cone
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Tall and symmetrical volcanoes
composite cone volcano
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Tall and symmetrical volcanoes composed of layers of lava flows and volcanic ash
composite cone volcano
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types of eruption
1. Icelandic eruption
2. Hawaiian eruptions
3. strombolian eruption
4. vulcanian eruption
5. stratovolcanoes eruption
6. pelean eruption
7. plinian eruption
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produce runny lava
icalandic eruption
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runny lava that floods the Earth’s surface through long cracks
icalandic eruption
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Volcanic eruption produce runny lava that floods the Earth’s surface through long cracks called fissures, which can be up to 15 miles long.
icalandic eruption
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Volcanic eruptions characterized by numerous fissures
Hawaiian eruptions
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Volcanic eruptions characterized by numerous fissures result in large quantities of hot, thin, and runny lava that flows rapidly out of the main vent
Hawaiian eruptions
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most active volcanoes in the world,
kilauea
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one of the most active volcanoes in the world, has erupted again after three months paused
kilauea
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Short, explosive eruptions shoot thick and pasty lava,
strombolian eruption
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Short, explosive eruptions shoot thick and pasty lava, steam, and gas into the air, producing little to no lava
strombolian eruption
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Produce high dark clouds of steam, ash, and gas, which build a cauliflower-shape
vulcanian eruption
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most common type of volcanic cone,
stratovolcanoes eruption
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most common type of volcanic cone, first the volcano will have an explosive eruption that ejects huge amount of steam gas and ash followed by ejection of lava
stratovolcanoes eruption
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Violent explosion resulting in the collapse of the volcano’s summit and the release of destructive pyroclastic flow. This flow is rapid and destructive mixture
pelean eruption
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most powerful eruption type, with a towering ash cloud reaching up to 50,000 feet(about 10 miles) in height, and extremely dangerous pyroclastic flows.
plinian eruption
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Materials from Volcano Eruptions
1. lava
2. volcanic ash
3. pyroclastic material
4. volcanic gasses
45
molten rocks that flows from a volcano during an eruption
lava
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Fragments of lava, ash, and rock ejected into the air during explosive eruption
pyroclastic material
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Fine particles of fragmented volcanic rock that can be carried by wind over long distance
volcanic ash
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gases, including water vapor, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and others, released during eruption
volcanic gasses
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mass movement of rock, debris or earthdown a slope and have come to include broad range of motions whereby falling, sliding, and flowing under the influence of gravity dislodges earth material
rainfall induced landslide
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Types of Landslide
1. rotational landslide
2. transnational landslide
3. blockslide
4. rockfall
5.topple
4. earth flow
5. lateral spread
6. debris flow
7. debris avalanche
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Ground slides with little rotation along a flat plane parallel to the surface
transitional landslide
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Ground rotates and slides along a curved failure plane.
rotational landslide
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type of translational landslide made of mostly one block of surface materials that move downslope
blockslide
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Gravity send rocks and other material tumbling downslope
rockfall
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pieces of a cliff or rock face fall forward as large blocks
topple
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Form on moderate slopes when fine-grained materials liquifies and runs out in hourglass shape
earth flow
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when surface material extends or spreads on gentle slopes. This type of ground deformation is often associated with earthquake shaking
lateral spread
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Rapidly moving mix of water, mud, trees, and other material that flows downvalley and can travel great distance.
debris flow
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an extreme large and fast moving debris flow.
Creep- Soil and surface material that slowly moves down a slope.
debris avalanche
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signs of Landslide
Signs of landslide
-New cracks or unusual bulges in the ground
-Soil moving away from foundation
-Leaning trees
-Broken water lines and other underground utilities
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begins to form when rain starts falling on soft dissolvable rocks and mineral like limestone and salt beds
sinkhole
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Types of Sinkhole
cover collapse sinkhole
cover subsidence sinkhole
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which develop quickly in a matter of hours and cause catastrophic damage
cover collapse sinkhole
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which form slowly over time with the ground gradually subsiding or deflating. These type of event can go unnoticed or undetected
cover subsidence sinkhole
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signs of sinkhole
-Sinking or settling ground; if you notice areas of the ground sinking or settling. It could be a sign of sinkhole
-Cracks or fissures; Cracks in roads, building, or other structures may indicate sinkhole activity.
-Unusual water flow; Sudden, unexplained water pooling or flow, especially in areas that don’t typically flood, could signal a sinkhole
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is a powerful tropical cyclone that forms over warm ocean waters, typically in the western Pacific Ocean. It’s the same phenomenon as hurricanes and cyclones but name dirrently based on the region
typhoon
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word TYPHOON
used only in NORTHWESTERN
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Cyclones occur
in the SOUTH PACIFIC and INDIAN OCEAN
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a system of thunderstorms that are moving around a center.
tropical cyclone
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in the NORTHEASTERN part of Pacific Ocean and in the NORTHERN part of Atlantic Ocean,
term used is HURRICANE
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bagyo is called tropical cyclone by scientist in the Philippines
h
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PSWS
PUBLIC STORM WARNING SIGNAL
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is a weather condition that produces lightning and thunder, heavy rainfall from cumulonimbus clouds and possibly a tornado
thunderstorm
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caused by convection occurs when the sun’s warmth has heated a large body of moist air near the ground.
thunderstorm
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s a rapid flooding of geomorphic low-lying area like washes, rivers, dry lakes and basins.
flash flood
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common causes of flash flood
Common causes of flashflood;
-heavy rain with a severe thunderstorm
-tropical storm
-melt water from ice
-snow flowing over ice sheets or snowfields
-hurricane
73
may occur after the collapse of a natural ice or debris dam, or a human structure such as man-made dam and flashflood are distinguished from a regular floods by a timescale of less than six hours
flashflood
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A hurricane on one side of the pacific ocean will be called a typhoon if it crosses into the others side
h
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complex weather patterns resulting in ocean temperature in the equatorial pacific. These two phenomena are opposite phases of what is known as the El nino – Southern Oscillation(ENSO) cycle.
el niño and la niña
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scientific term that describe fluctuations in temperature between the ocean and the atmosphere in the East-central Equatorial Pacific(approximately between the international date line and 120 degrees west).
enso cycle
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the warm phase of ENSO
el niño
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is sometimes referred to as the cold phase of ENSO
la niña
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episodes typically last nine to 12 months, but some prolonged events may last years
la niña el niño
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The little girl”
la niña
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El nino means
The little girl”
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leptospirosis disease brought by mosquitoes, such as; dengue and malaria
-accidents and injuries such as; contusions, lacerations, fractures and electrocution.
La nina Affect(Health Condition)
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El nino Affect(Health Condition)
Diseases related to water scarcity or shortage such as diarrhea and skin diseases
-Red Tide Blooms; Paralytic shellfish poisoning
83
a phenomenon that occurs when water levels rise significantly and oveflows from its artificial or natural banks onto normally dry areas.
flood
