DRRR Flashcards
is a term used for reducing and preventing disaster risks. It is founded on the principle that while hazards are inevitable, its adverse effects like lost lives and / or
destruction of property are not.
DISASTER RISK REDUCTION (DRR)
is the concept and practice of reducing disaster risks through analysis and management of the causal factors of disasters.
Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR)
Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) leads to:
- reduced exposure to hazards
- lessening of vulnerability of people and assets
- effective management of land and the environment
- improved preparedness for adverse events
crucial for all communities living in disaster prone areas
Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) Education
where Philippines is located, is considered as the most disaster-prone region in the world, facing numerous hazards, from severe flooding to storms to volcanic eruptions to tsunamis and earthquakes
Asia Pacific Region
Is the main importance of disaster risk reduction.
Building resilience:
Five priorities identified for action are:
1) to ensure that disaster risk reduction is a national and a local priority;
2) to identify, assess, and monitor disaster risks and enhance early warning systems;
3) to use knowledge, innovation, and education to build a culture of safety and resilience at all levels;
4) to reduce the underlying risk factors; and
5) to strengthen disaster preparedness for effective response and recovery at all levels, from the local to the national.
T OR F: Responsibility for disaster risk management does not lie with disaster managers alone.
TRUE
- It is rather a concern for everyone - from citizens who must be empowered to make decisions which reduce risk, to political leaders, government institutions, the private sector, civil society organizations, professional bodies, and scientific and technical institutions.
Key Principles of DRRM
- Development can either increase or decrease disaster risk.
- DRM policies, laws, and regulations can save lives if properly and strictly implemented
- The community is the front line of disaster risk management
- DRRM is not a stand-alone activity.
- The main objective of DRRM is to build a resilient community. Community members are well prepared and equipped with sufficient knowledge, the impact of disaster can be lessened
The main objective of DRRM
Build a resilient community.
Elements of Disaster risk reduction management plan in order of execution:
- Assessment and analysis
- Design
- Results of implementation
This is also known as the needs and risk assessment.
Assessment and analysis
Risks are identified and assessed based on the following:
a. Hazard profile
b. Vulnerability of the area
c. Capacity of the community
This is modeled on the findings from the Assessment and Analysis stage. It should include, at the minimum, the following components
Design
Issues identified during the analysis
a. Identification of responsibility, priorities, and competencies of individuals and
b. Institutions or agencies carrying out the task;
c. Identification of other programs and strategies that may complement, add, or
d. Duplicate with other programs;
e. Potential partners, allies, and networks; and
f. Source of funding and its restrictions.
Implementing the DRRM plan is usually in the form of a drill. The outcome of the implementation should be properly and accurately documented so that any necessary changes in the DRRM design can be made immediately.
Results of implementation
Through a community preparedness plan, the community is informed and trained on how to prepare for hazard events and emergencies. For an effective community preparedness plan, communities need to be actively involved in it.
Community-based DRRM
The key components of a community preparedness plan are the following:
- Emergency Plan
- Monitoring and Evaluation
- Early Warning Systems (EWS)
- Survival kits and materials
- is a comprehensive, action-oriented response to international concern about the growing impacts of disasters on individuals, communities & national development.
Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA) 2005-2015
- A world conference on disaster reduction that was held from January 18-22, 2005 in Kobe, Hyogo Japan.
Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA) 2005-2015
- Its goal was to substantially reduced disaster loses in live and in social, economic and environmental assets of communities and countries.
Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA) 2005-2015
The law recognizes the constitutional right of the people to have a cleaner environment.
Climate Change Act of 2009, also known as RA 9729
It encourages the integration of disaster plans into all climate change activities, programs, and initiatives.
Climate Change Act of 2009, also known as RA 9729
It mandates the formulation and implementation of plans and strategies that would lower the vulnerability of local communities, especially the most vulnerable sectors of the society (e.g., poor, and children).
Climate Change Act of 2009, also known as RA 9729
Established to help achieve the objectives of the climate change adaptation programs. The People’s Survival Fund was initially set at P1 billion per year and may be augmented from various sources through donations, endowments, grants, and contributions.
The People’s Survival Fund Act of 2011, also known as RA 10174
“to strengthen the capacity of the national government and the local government units (LGUs), together with partner stakeholders, to build the disaster resilience of communities, and to institutionalize arrangements and measures for reducing disaster risks, including projected climate risks, and enhancing disaster preparedness and response capabilities at all levels”
The Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010 also known as RA10121
Following this law is the birth of the NDRRMC.
The Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010 also known as RA10121
The executive arm and undersecretariat of the NDRRMC, under the Department of National Defense (DND).
Office of Civil Defense (OCD)
In accordance with the NDRRMP the country will have
“safer, adaptive, and disaster-resilient Filipino communities towards sustainable development”
FOUR DRRM PRIORITY AREAS
- Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
- Disaster Preparedness
- Disaster Response
- Disaster Rehabilitation and Recovery
The reduction of vulnerabilities and exposure and enhancing capacities of communities to avoid hazards and mitigate their impacts.
Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
Overall responsible agency of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
DOST (Department of Science and Technology)
- The establishment and strengthening of the capacities of communities to anticipate cope and recover from the negative impacts of emergency occurrences and disasters.
Disaster Preparedness
Overall responsible agency of Disaster Preparedness
DILG (Department of Social Welfare and Development)
The preservation of life by meeting the needs of the affected communities immediately after hazard events.
Disaster Response
Overall responsible agency of Disaster Response
DSWD (Department of Social Welfare and Development)
- Restoration of the afflicted communities, not only to their pre disaster status, but also to improve facilities, livelihood, and living conditions” guided by the principle of “building back better.”
Disaster Rehabilitation and Recovery
Overall responsible agency of Disaster Rehabilitation and Recovery
NEDA (National Economic and Development Authority)
The national government can declare that a particular disaster area is in a “state of emergency” depending on the severity of the disaster and the number of affected lives.
Declaration of “State of Emergency”
This declaration is defined in Section 3 (Il) of Republic Act 10121
Declaration of “State of Calamity
“condition involving mass casualty and/or major damages to property, disruption of means of livelihood, roads and normal way of life of people as a result of the occurrence of natural or human-induced hazard.”
Declaration of “State of Calamity
The president is given the authority to declare this in any barangay, municipality, city, province, or region, upon the recommendation of the NDRRMC.
Declaration of “State of Calamity
- Prices of basic commodities are controlled.
- Buyers and traders are strictly monitored for overpricing, profiteering, or hoarding of prime commodities and basic necessities.
- Adjustments of budgets or funds are done for repair and safety upgrading of public infrastructures and facilities.
- Government financing or lending institutions grant no-interest loans to the most affected section of the population.
TRUE
is a reserved fund to be used for the purpose of covering expenses related to assistance, relief, and rehabilitation of communities that are affected by natural and man-made hazards.
The Calamity Fund (CF)
a standby fund reserved by government agencies for catastrophes and calamities that require immediate response.
The Quick Response Fund (QRF)
The NDRRMC, which was chosen to lead in all disaster risk- related activities, manages this fund. The Secretary of National Defense is the chairperson of the NDRRMC. The heads of the following government agencies are the vice-chairpersons: DILG, DSWD, DOST, and NEDA. All together, they advise the president on any status of disaster- related activities that include this
The Calamity Fund (CF)
Upon the approval of the Office of the President (OP), the fund request is forwarded to the Department of Budget and Management (DBM). In turn, DBM releases the Special Allotment Release Order (SARO) directly to the appropriate implementing agency or the LGU.
The Calamity Fund (CF)
It is different from the CF in that the request for fund does not require a recommendation from the NDRRMC and approval from the OP. However, if it gets depleted, the replenishment will have to go through the same process of requesting a CF.
The Quick Response Fund (QRF)
