Drowning

Question 1

Definition of drowning

Answer 1

Experiencing submersion or immersion in liquid causing respiratory impairment

Question 2

Age

Answer 2

1-4 yrs
15-19 yrs

Question 3

MC cause in <1 year old

Answer 3

1. Bathtub (under a child’s supervision)
2. Large gallon bucket

Question 4

Why drowning victims don’t call for help

Answer 4

1. Maximize lung volume
2. Keep head above water
3. Laryngospasm

Question 5

Duration of permissible anoxia

Answer 5

3-5 mins

Question 6

Complications of drowning

Answer 6

1. Cerebral edema
2. ARDS
3. Myocardial stunning
   -hypotension
   -dec cardiac output
   -arrythmia
   -mi
4. Renal
   -atn
   -cortical necrosis
   -aki
5. Hemat
   -dic
   -hemolysis
   -thrombocytopenia
6. gi
   -bloody diarrhea
   -mucosal sloughing
7. Hepatic transaminase and pancreatic enzyme elevated
8. Sepsis

Question 7

Salt water aspiration

Answer 7

1. V/q mismatch
2. Wash out surfactant and alveolar instability
3. Intrapulmonary shunting

Question 8

Drowning dd

Answer 8

Cold water immersion
- patient remains afloat with out respiratory impairment (60-70 °f)

Question 9

Why a re children more prone for hypothermia

Answer 9

1. Increased surface area
2. S/c tissue less
3. Limited thermogenic capacity