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UAS > Drone Basics > Flashcards

Drone Basics Flashcards

1
Q

Quadcopter

A

Four propeller drone

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2
Q

How to Speed Up

A

Front propellers slow down while back ones speed up, creating pitch down.

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3
Q

How to Roll

A

Propellers in roll direction slow down but opposite side speeds up

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4
Q

How to Achieve Yaw

A

Reducing speed of one diagonal pair

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5
Q

Flight Controller

A

The “brain” of the drone, it processes inputs from various sensors and the receiver to control the drone’s movement. It can stabilize the drone in winds. It translates pilot inputs from the remote controller into precise motor commands, enabling maneuvers and directional control.

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6
Q

Sensors

A

Include gyroscopes, accelerometers, and altimeters to measure orientation, acceleration, and altitude. In modern drones, sensors may be the size of an ant.

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7
Q

Accelerometer

A
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8
Q

Gyrocope Sensor

A
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9
Q

Magneto Meter

A
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10
Q

Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU)

A

Includes accelerometer, gyroscope sensor, and magneto meter.

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11
Q

How does drone determine altitude?

A

A mems-based barometer sensor.

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12
Q

Sensor Fusion

A

Integrating different sensors for the same input

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13
Q

Control Logic

A

Algorithm that reduces the error further and makes decisions. E.g., Kalman Filter (KF) algorithm.

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14
Q

Range of modern consumer drone

A

1-2km

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15
Q

What happens when you fly a drone beyond its radio control range?

A

It makes use of GPS and tower internet to return to home location set by the operator.

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16
Q

What is a drone?

A

Unmanned aerial vehicles controlled remotely by a pilot.

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17
Q

4 primary controls

A

Roll, pitch, yaw, and throttle

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18
Q

Roll

A

Move the drone left or right using the right stick sideways

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19
Q

Pitch

A

Control forward/backward movement with the right stick forward/backward

20
Q

Yaw

A

Rotate the drone using the left stick left/right

21
Q

Throttle

A

Adjust altitude using the left stick up/down

22
Q

Flying Basics

A

Position the drone on a flat surface.
Power up and slowly increase throttle to lift off.
Stabilize the drone in a hover before moving.
Practice takeoffs, landings, and hovering to build skills.

23
Q

Tips for Beginners

A

Start with beginner mode to limit speed and altitude.
Keep the drone in your line of sight at all times.
Practice basic movements like flying in circles or squares.
Be patient and fly within your skill level.
Use a lightweight drone with replaceable propellers for learning.

24
Q

UAS

A

Unmanned Aircraft System

25
Q

Frame

A

The body of the drone, serving as the structure to which all other components are attached. It defines the drone’s size and provides stability during flight.

26
Q

Motors

A

Generate the power to lift and propel the drone.

27
Q

Propellers

A

Attached to motors, they create lift and thrust. There are standard propellers for vertical movement and pusher propellers for forward/backward motion.

28
Q

Electronic Speed Controllers (ESC)

A

Control motor speed and direction, converting DC power from the battery to AC power for the motors

29
Q

GPS

A

Provides location data for navigation and features like return-to-home. Enables features like autonomous flight, return-to-home, and geofencing in more sophisticated models.

30
Q

Battery

A

Usually lithium polymer, it powers all onboard systems.

31
Q

Receiver

A

Picks up radio signals from the remote controller.

32
Q

Transmitter

A

Part of the remote control, it sends signals to the drone.

33
Q

Gimbal

A

Stabilizes the camera to reduce vibrations and ensure smooth footage. A gimbal is allowed to rotate around an axis.

34
Q

Stabilization

A

The flight controller maintains the drone’s stability during flight by constantly adjusting motor speeds based on sensor data.

35
Q

Obstacle Avoidance

A

Some advanced flight controllers incorporate obstacle detection systems for enhanced safety.

36
Q

Peripheral Management

A

Acts as a hub for other drone components such as ESCs, GPS modules, LEDs, and FPV cameras.

37
Q

First Person View (FPV)

A

A method of piloting where the operator sees from the drone’s perspective through a live video feed.

This is achieved by:
An onboard camera mounted on the drone
Real-time video transmission from the drone to the pilot
A display device such as FPV goggles, a headset, smartphone, or monitor

FPV flying provides an immersive experience, allowing pilots to:
See what the drone sees in real-time
Fly with more precision and accuracy
Capture unique aerial footage and photographs
Participate in drone racing events

The rise of FPV drones has revolutionized drone racing, cinematography, and recreational flyin

38
Q

Line of Sight (LOS)

A

Traditional “line of sight” (LOS) flying, where pilots control the drone while watching it from the ground. FPV enables more dynamic and agile flight, especially useful for racing, freestyle flying, and creative videography.

39
Q

AI / Automation

A

Drones have become more autonomous, capable of executing complex missions with minimal human input12. This includes real-time data processing, decision-making, and adaptive flight patterns.

40
Q

Geofencing and Collision Avoidance

A

Implementation of geofencing technology and advanced collision avoidance systems has improved drone safety and regulatory compliance.

41
Q

Remote Identification

A

The introduction of remote ID systems has enhanced the ability to monitor and manage drone traffic.

42
Q

Entanglement Auto-Detection

A

Drones can now detect and respond to tether entanglement, with customizable parameters for different scenarios such as ground obstructions or entanglement at altitude.

43
Q

Overweight Payload Rejection

A

Automated systems now check payload weights to prevent unsafe flying conditions, especially useful for third-party pickups.

44
Q

Gentle Payload Touchdown

A

Automated slowing of tether deployment as payloads approach the ground, ensuring softer landings for critical deliveries.

45
Q

Advance Collision Avoidance Systems

A

Improved technologies help prevent mid-air collisions and unauthorized flights in restricted airspace.

46
Q
A

UAS (3 decks)

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