Dril tech Flashcards
Type of drilling rig
land and marine rigs
land - light land rigs, heavy land rigs, and helicopter portable rigs
marine - floating rigs and bottom supported rigs
floating rigs - semi submersible, drill ships, drilling barge
bottom supported rigs - jackup, platform and submersible
Is a drilling rig which is specially designed to drill holes on onshore locations
land rig
Its main features are portability and maximum operating depth
land rig
Land rig components
mud pumps, mud tanks, draw works, top drive/rotary table, mast/derrick, drill string, primary power generation equipment and auxiliary power generation equipment
Key differentiation factors in drilling rigs
lifting capacity, horsepower, number of mudtanks and power and ability to circulate drilling fluid, size
Main features of land rigs
portability and maximum operating depth
Are built so that the derrick can be moved easily and reused for drilling new holes
land rig
Various rig components are _________ so that the rig can be moved in units and connected easily
skid mounted
Is assembled on the ground with pins and then raised as a unit using the rig hoisting equipment
jackknife, cantilever and derrick
Crew members can move land rig on ____…
truck, tractor, helicopter, heavy rolling gear
_____ can be moved pretty simple compared to ______
small land rig ultraheavy land rig
Price of oil rigs for land drilling in us
18M usd to 20M usd and can rise to 25M usd
Light Duty Rig Depth feet _____ Meter _____
3k to 5k 1k to 1.5k
Medium Duty rig Depth feet _____ Meter _____
4k to 10k 1.2k to 3k
Heavy duty rig Depth feet _____ Meter _____
12k to 16k 3.5k to 5k
Ultra heavy duty rig Depth feet _____ Meter _____
18k to 25k 5.5k to 7.5k
is a large stucture or on in water with facilities to drill wells, extract and process oil and natural gas and to temporarily store product until it can be brought to shore for refining and marketing
offshore rig
4 stages of rigs
exploration stage, appraisal stage, development stage, production stage
rigs are used to drill exploration wells and ‘wildcat’ wells for potential hydrocarbon bearing geologicaal structures after various geological studies and seismic surveys have identified locations in which these structures could be placed
exploration stage
rigs are used to drill several wells to understand flow rates and reservoir dynamics and to determine the size and limits of the reservoir in order to confirm the assumption that hydrocarbons can be produced economically
appraisal stage
rigs are used to drill wells to depth of a productive zone of the reservoir
development stage
rigs are used to drill more wells, also known as repair/work-over wells, to fix existing wells
production stage
this practice is also known as infield driling depending on the complexity of the job, asmaller work-over rig may be used for a work-over program to repair wells, enhace production or provide other well treatments
production stage
types of offshore rigs
workover, floaters and bottom supported
floaters = semi submersible and drill ship
bottom supported = jack up and platform
jack up = standard, high specification and harsh environment
types of offshore rigs
workover, floaters and bottom supported
floaters = semi submersible and drill ship
bottom supported = jack up and platform
key differentiation factors in offshore drilling rigs
rated water depth, drilling depth, leg length (for jack-ups), accomodation, lifting capacity, top drive system, number of mud pumps and the power and ability to circulate drillign fluid
offshore platforms can be categorized in two types
bottom supported and vertically moored strucutres
floating production and subsea systems
fixed structure that extend to the seabed
steel jacket, concrete gravity strucutre, and compliant tower
the rigs floating platform is towed into position by barges then lowers it support legs down to the sea
jack-up rig
the platform can then be adjusted to varying heights along its tall legs, essentially using the same principle employed by a tire jack
jack-up rig
jack up rigs were tradionally used in _______________ because it wasnt practical to lower their legs to great depths
shallow water
jack up rigs can only work in water depths less than the lenght of their legs, typically limiting operations to _______
less than 150 meters/500 feet
this structure is reliant on its own weight, and the capability of the seabed to maintain that weight in order to remain stable
gravity type platforms
they are designed particularly with storm conditions in mind, like other types of structure, they come in multiple design variations, and may be made out of concrete, steel or a combination of the two
gravity type platforms
these were first used in the ekofisk field off norway, although the design principle had previously been used in lighthouse construction
concrete gravity structures
can be used in water up to 160 meters and with weights of over 300 000 tonnes
concrete gravity structures
concrete gravity structures can be used in water depths up to _____ and weight of over ________
160 meters and 300 000 tonnes
is the biggest oil rig in the world
berkut oil rig
berkut oil rig weight
200 000 tons
where is berkut oil located
Russian pacific coast just north of japan
berkut oil extracts about ________ per year
4.5 million tons of oil per year
berkut oil rig is built to exploit the oil reserves of…
arkutun-dagi field
estimated oil reserves of akutun dagi field
72 million tons
akutun dagi field spreads ______ from the russian coast
60 km
what does berkut mean in russian
golden eagle
cost estimation to builf berkut oil rig
12 billion usd
how many wells are drilled in berkut, how many are oil poducing and how many are the water injection, and how many are cutting reinjection well
45 wells, 28 oil producing, 16 water injection, and 1 cutting reinjection well
where do they process the oil extracted from berkut
chaivo onshore processing facility
after being process at chaivo processing facility is is tranported and exported at? it is also the largest oil terminals in the far east.
dekastri oil export terminal
what type is the berkut oil rig built on?
gravity based strucutre
the berkut oil is fixed at the seabed at a depth of?
35 meters
The berkut oil was built at?
vostichny port in eastern russian
how much is the esstimated concrete and steel bar used to build berkut
52 000m^3 of concrete and 27 000 tons of steel bar
the rig has been designed to withstand temperatures as low as?
-44 degrees celsius
this protective belt will also brace the berkut rig against waves up to?
18 meters high
are similar to fixed platforms, since both are anchored to the seabed and hold most of their equipment above the surface.
compliant tower
are taller and narrower and unlike fixed platforms, they sway woth the wind and water almos as if they were floating
compliant tower
compliant tower are stong enough to wothstand _____ conditions
hurricane
compliant tower water depths range
1500 feet to 3k feet (450 to 900 m)
deepest compliant tower? what is the depth?
chevron petronius with 623m
the first compliant tower emerged in the early 1980’s with the installation of?
exxon’s lena oil platform
are similar ro barge rigs but suitable for open ocean waters of relative shallow depth
submersible drilling rigs
the drilling structure is supported by the large submerged pontoons that are flooded and rest on the seafloor when drilling.
submersible rig
is a larger version of a posted barge and is capable of water depths of 18 ft to 160 ft
submersible rig
they are the most common type of offshore drilling rigs, combining the advantages of submersible rigs with the ability to drill in deep water
semisubmersible rig
rig that does not rest on the seafloor.
semisubmersible rig
this rig is a floating deck supported by submerged pontoons and kept stationary by a series of anchors and mooring lines, and , in some cases, position-keeping propellers
semi submersible rig
semisubmersible can be used in depths
from 200 to 1800 meters
two types of semisubmersible
bottle type semisubersible and column-stabilized semisubs
are mini tension leg platforms of relatively low cost, used in water depth between 200 and 1000 meters
seastars platforms
these can be utilized as utility,satellite or eraly production platforms for larger deep water discoveries.
seastars platform
it consist of a floating surface strucutre held in place by taut, vertical tendons connected to the seafloor
tension-leg platform
has long, flexible legs that allow for significant side to side movement, with little vertical movement
tension-leg platform
normally used for the offshore production of oil or gas, and is particularly suited for water depths greter than 300 meters and less than 1500 meters
tension-leg platform
the use of this platform has also been proposed for wind turbines
tension-leg platforms
are among the largest offshore platforms in use
spar platform
consist of a large cylinder supporting a typical fixed rig platform. the cylinder however does not extend all the way to the seafloor, but instead tethered to the bottom by a series of cables and lines
spar platform
Has a large cylinder that serves to stabilize the platform in the water, and allows for movement to absorb the force of potential hurricanes
spar platform
about 90 percent of its overall structure is hidden underwater
spar platform
are available at depths up to 3000 feet, but existing technology can extend this to about 10000 feet, making them one of the deepest-drilling types of offshore rigs in use
spar platform
are most often utilized for extremely deep water drilling at remote locations
drillships
a drillship must maintain its position at the drilling position by using
anchors and mooring lines or computer controlled dynamic position equipment
Most have greater storage capacity than other types of rigs, allowing efficient operation at remote locations.
drillships
have extensive mooring or positioning equipment, as well as a helipad to recieve supplies and transport staff
drillships
drillships work in water depths ranging from
2k to more than 10k feet (610 to 3048 meters)
are differentiated from other offshore drilling units by their easy mobility.
drillships
facilities are tailored to achieve weight and space saving incorporates process and utility equipment
topside
accomodation for operating personnel
topside
crane for equipment handling and helipad
Topside
used to tie platform in place
moorings and anchors
material of moorings and anchors
steel chain, steel wire rope, and synthetic fiber rope
It is the pressure exerted by a drilling fluid at equilibrium at a given
point within the drilling fluid due to the force of gravity
hydrostatic pressure
factors that affect hydrostatic pressure
density of mud and true vertical depth
