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Nutrition Exam 2 > Dr. Z > Flashcards

Dr. Z Flashcards

1
Q

what often contain various ingredients that are believed to support metabolism, increase energy expenditure, and suppress appetite?

A

select fat burners from other highly marketed products

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2
Q

select fat burners are made up of what 3 things?

A

caffeine
l-carnitine
raspberry ketones

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3
Q

what is a central nervous system stimulant that can increase metabolism and promote fat oxidation?

A

caffeine

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4
Q

how is caffeine administered?

A

in the form of coffee, tea, or caffeine supplements

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5
Q

what is the dosage form of caffeine?

A

can vary widely, but a typical dose may range from 100-200 mg

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6
Q

what are the side effects of caffeine?

A

jitteriness, increase heart rate, and insomnia

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7
Q

what helps transport long-chain fatty acids into the mitochondria, where they can be oxidized and used for energy?

A

l-carnitine

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8
Q

how is l-carnitine administered?

A

available in various forms, including capsules, tablets, and liquid

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9
Q

what is the dosage form of l-carnitine?

A

varies depending on specific product, brand, and intended use, typical dosage ranges from 500-2,000 mg/day

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10
Q

what are the side effects of l-carnitine?

A

GI discomfort, nausea, and diarrhea

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10
Q

what are believed to increase the breakdown of fat and regulate metabolism?

A

raspberry ketones

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11
Q

how are raspberry ketones administered?

A

consumed in supplement form

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12
Q

what is the dosage form of raspberry ketones?

A

varies but it is often around 100-200 mg

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13
Q

what are the side effects of raspberry ketones?

A

jitteriness, increased heart rate, and heart palpitations

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14
Q

what did the FDA approve as an OTC weight loss aid for patients with BMI greater than or equal to 30

A

orlistat

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15
Q

what is a lipase inhibitor and reduces the absorption of dietary fats?

A

orlistat

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16
Q

what is the average weight loss while on orlistat?

A

< 10 lbs

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17
Q

how does orlistat only work?

A

in the long-term and if the patient change their dietary habits

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18
Q

how do you take orlistat?

A

120 mg with every meal

19
Q

what is recommended while taking orlistat and why?

A

a multivitamin at bedtime to offset lack of fat-soluble vitamins

20
Q

what are the side effects of orlistat?

A

low blood sugar, diarrhea, headache, flatulence with oily discharge, renal or hepatic issues, kidney stones or gallstones, and more

21
Q

what is the review associated with orlistat?

A

alli review

22
Q

what are the 3 dietary components that are often associated with digestion and may have potential benefits for weight mangement?

A

meal replacements (bars and shakes)
probiotics
apple cider vinegar

23
Q

what are usually formulated to control and balance nutrients to reduce calorie intake or for meal replacement?

A

meal replacement bars and shakes

24
Q

how are meal replacement bars and shakes administered?

A

usually consumed in place of one or more daily meals

25
Q

what are the side effects of meal replacement bars and shakes?

A

GI discomfort, bloating or gas, some may cause allergic reactions

26
Q

what are live microorganisms that can help restore and maintain a healthy balance of beneficial bacteria in the gut?

A

probiotics

27
Q

how are probiotics adminstered?

A

available in capsules, tablet, powder form or straight from food sources

28
Q

what are the side effects of probiotics?

A

can experience mild GI side effects like bloating or gas

29
Q

what helps to control appetite and promote feelings of fullness?

A

apple cider vinegar

30
Q

how is apple cider vinegar adminstered?

A

diluted liquid or capsule

31
Q

what is the typical dosage of apple cider vinegar?

A

common recommendations is 1-2 tablespoons diluted in water before meals

32
Q

what are the side effects of apple cider vinegar?

A

may cause digestive discomfort or tooth enamel erosion when taken undiluted and can interact with certain medications

33
Q

what are 3 famous cleanses or detox methods to help remove toxins form the body and promote weight loss?

A

juice cleanses
colon cleanses
detox diets

34
Q

which cleanse or detox method works by only involving fresh fruit and vegetables from a juicer?

A

juice cleanser

35
Q

how is the juice cleanser method administered?

A

juices are consumed throughout the day, replacing meals

36
Q

what are the side effects of the juice cleanser method?

A

nutrient deficiencies, hunger, irritability, and GI issues

37
Q

which cleanse or detox method works by eliminating waste and toxins from the colon?

A

colon cleanses

38
Q

how is the colon cleanse method administered?

A

colon hydrotherapy involves flushing the colon with water through a tube or oral supplements

39
Q

what are the side effects of the colon cleanse method?

A

cramping, dehydration, and electrolyte imbalances

40
Q

which cleanse or detox method works by detox diets involve restricting or eliminating certain foods and drinks, such as sugar, caffeine, alcohol, and processed foods, to help the body eliminate toxins?

A

detox diets

41
Q

how is the detox diet method administered?

A

followed for a specific period ranging from a few days to several weeks

42
Q

what are the side effects of the detox diet method?

A

hunger, fatigue, and nutrient deficiencies

43
Q

the FDA study recently found illegal added ingredients in weight loss products such as?

A

fluoxetine (SSRI)
phenolphthalein (laxative)
furosemide (loop diuretic)
phenytoin (anti-seizure med)

44
Q

true or false
over the last 10 years the FDA found many weight loss products to be tainted or otherwise adulterated which forced them to recall many products from the market BUT these products may still be sold in other countries

A

true

45
Q

many weight loss products have an _________ to be shipped monthly with automatic payments which are often nearly impossible to stop

A

“automatic reorder”

46
Q

true or false
if it seems to be good to true, it probably is going to help you lose weight

A

false
you dumb idiot noooooo

Nutrition Exam 2 (1 decks)

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