Dr Koyel

Question 1

The 2 types of organic residues are:

Answer 1

Nitrogenous, non - nitrogenous

Question 2

A viscous secretion by plants is:

Answer 2

Mucilage

Question 3

What are water soluble polyphenols secreted by plants?

Answer 3

Tanin

Question 4

PET in presence of water turns to:

Answer 4

Bisphenol - A

Question 5

A branch of natural xenobiotics:

Answer 5

Phytotoxins

Question 6

A very toxic phytotoxin, secreted by the rosary pea plant is:

Answer 6

Abrin

Question 7

Polar groups of xenobiotics conjugate with:

Answer 7

Sulfur, acetate, glutathione

Question 8

Define: bioremediation

Answer 8

Organisms like fungi, bacteria, green plants, are used to bring environment altered by contaminants to original state

Question 9

Toxic effects of oil spills last up to:

Answer 9

5-10 years

Question 10

Mention 5 very slowly decomposing compounds.

Answer 10

Lignin, fat, wax, cellulose, hemicellulose

Question 11

Mention 6 most representative enzymes in bioremediation.

Answer 11

Cytochrome P450s, laccases, hydrolyses, dehalogenases, proteases, lipases

Question 12

Which enzymes perform oxidation and reduction using iron?

Answer 12

Cytochrome P450 s

Question 13

Which enzymes contain copper and oxidise phenolic substrates?

Answer 13

Laccases

Question 14

Which are the 2 mechanisms of degradation used micro-organisms?

Answer 14

Growth & cometabolism

Question 15

Define: cometabolism

Answer 15

Metabolism of an organic compound in presense of growth substrate.

Question 16

What’s NAPDH?

Answer 16

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate

Question 17

What are methanotrophs?

Answer 17

Organisms that metabolize methane as their source of energy

Question 18

Mention the 5 types of compounds that are transformed cometabolically by methanotrophs:

Answer 18

PAHs, Dioxane, PCBs , pesticides, MTBE

Question 19

Full form of MMO

Answer 19

Methyl mono-oxygenase

Question 20

Mention the 2 types of MMOs.

Answer 20

sMMO, pMMO

Question 21

Which type of MMO has a copper containing active site?

Answer 21

pMMO

Question 22

Which MMO has a broader substrate range?

Answer 22

sMMO

Question 23

sMMO has di-() centre, bridged by ()

Answer 23

Iron, oxygen

Question 24

TCE first converts methane to:

Answer 24

Methanol

Question 25

The end products cometabolism of TCE with methane are:

Answer 25

NADH, HCHO, water

Question 26

Structures of both types of MMOs have been determined by:

Answer 26

X-ray crystallography

Question 27

Oxidation of TCE produces:

Answer 27

TCE epoxide

Question 28

BTEX (full-form)

Answer 28

Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene xylene

Question 29

MTBE

Answer 29

Methyl tert butyl ether

Question 30

Mention 2 agricultural chemical wastes.

Answer 30

DDT, triazine

Question 31

Stable ring structures, aerobes utilize oxidizing power of () to initialise degradation.

Answer 31

Oxygenases

Question 32

Why are compounds degraded acerbically but persistent in anaerobic conditions?

Answer 32

Anaerobes lack powerful oxidants.