Dr. Hynes Flashcards
Sodium Fluorescein
Vital dye: stains cells in vivo
Absorbs: 490nm
Emits: 520nm
Damaged cells take up dye
Quenching depends on how much Fl is instilled and tear volume
Fluorescein paper strips
Wet w saline
Install inside palpebral conj or bulbar conj
Fluorescein anesthetic solutions
Susceptible to pseudomonas colonization
GAT without NaFl under estimate IOP
Discoloration of CL
Yellow barrier filter best for conj staining
High molecular weight fluorescein
Decreased CL staining
Preserved with chlorobutanol 0.5%
Intravenous fluorescein angiography (IVFA)
Injected into arm metabolized by liver and kidneys
Choroidal flush: 10 seconds-cilioretinal artery
SE: discolored urine, nausea to anaphylaxis
Rose bengal
Not a vital dye
Stains healthy cells, conj, margins of dendritic ulcers
Lissamine green
In food and cosmetics
Dead and devitalized cells
Lid margin and lid wiper epi
ICGA (Idocyanine Green Angiography)
Binds albumin
SE/CI: preg cat C, iodine allergy
Best for occult CNVM vessels and PEDs
Chromo-vitrectomy
Pars-plana vitrectomy with use of vital dyes for visualization of transparent tissue
Trypan Blue= toxic to retina
Brilliant Blue G= non toxic, stains anterior lens capsule
AMD- AREDS 2
Removed Beta Carotene (risk of lung cancer) and omega 3
Macular pigment from diet: leutein and zexanthin
Forskolin (glaucoma)
Lowers IOP may decrease aqueous production
Flavonoids (glaucoma)
Gingo biloba extract
Increases optic nerve blood flow
Dry eye
Omega 3 helps sometimes GLA (omega 6)
CI: pts on blood thinners, immunosuppressed
Nutritional optic neuropathy
Caused by: bariatric surgery, alcoholism, tobacco
All involved in mitochondrial ATP formation
Vitamin A deficiency
Starts with partial night blindness
Vit A may slow retinitis pigmentosa
Avoid Vit A in Stargardts disease
