Dr. Dougherty Innominates PRE CLASS Lecture (Test 1) Flashcards
Anatomy/ Biomechanics
1) Medial, Posterior, and Superior
- Load via the SACROILIAC JOINT
- Transmits Weight from the AXIAL SPINE
2) Medial, Anterior, and Inferior
- The PUBIC SYMPHYSIS point of Stabilization
- Does so for BOTH Hips
3) These point of attachment can Affect the ANGLE and ROTATION of the ACETABULAR FOSSA
Right in the Middle, the Pelvis
- Forces from Above and Below, Including Gravity
- Foundation for Body Support and LOCOMOTION
- Base of the Vertebral Column, yet still a Long Way from the Ground
- Helps to distribute the Forces evenly
- Holds most of the GI Contents
- Holds most of the GU System and Reproductive
Why Important?
- Body is a Unit
- Structure and Function are INTERRELATED
- The Body Possess Self-Regulatory Mechanisms
- The Body has the Inherent Capacity to Defend and Repair itself
Parts of the Pelvis
Ilium:
- Superior and Largest
Ischium:
- Inferior and Posterior
Pubis:
- Inferior and Anterior
Anatomic Landmarks
- Iliac Crest
- ASIS
- AIIS
- Pubic Tubercle
- PSIS
- PIIS
Clinical Assessment
Palpatory Landmarks- Anterior
- ASIS
- Pubic Tubercle
- Iliac Crest
- Greater Trochanter
- Medial Malleoli Heights
Placatory Landmarks- Posterior
- PSIS
- Sacral Sulci
- Ischial Tuberosity
Ligaments
- Ligament: From Latin “To Bind, To Tie” as in a Bandage
- Ligament go from BONE to BONE
- Tendons from MUSCLE to BONE
- “True” Ligament does from BONE to BONE
- “Accessory” Ligament attaches at another Ligament, a TENDON or other FASCIA
Function of Ligaments
- Ligaments are designed to LIMIT ABNORMAL or EXCESSIVE Movements at a Joint
- Ligaments do permit Normal Motion
- Ligament are Slightly Elastic
- Ligament are part of a Reflex response to Excessive Movement
Major Pelvic Ligaments
1) ILIOLUMBAR
- From Ilia to 5th Lumbar Vertebrae
2) SACROSPINOUS
- Scrum to Spine of the Ischium
3) SACROTUBEROUS
- Sacrum to Ischial Tuberosity
3) SACROILIAC Ligament
- Covers much of the Sacroiliac Joint, Anterior and Posterior
Iliolumbar Ligament
- Restrict ANTERIOR Motion of L5
- May restrict ROTATORY Movement of L5
- Upper part of the Sacroiliac (Lumbosacral) Ligament also attaches to L5 but blends in with Iliolumbar Ligament. Also stabilizes ANTERIOR Motion of the Lower Lumbar Spine
Sacrospinous Ligament
- From Ischial Spine to Lateral Margins of the Sacrum where it blends (Anteriorly) with the Sacrotuberous Ligament
- Divides space Above and Below into a Greater and Lesser Sciatic Foramen!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
- Ligament is part of the Coccygues Muscle
Sacrotuberous Ligament
- Runs from Lower Sacral Tubercles to Ischial Tuberosity
- Along with Sacrospinous Ligament, Restrains ANTERIOR Movement of Sacrum
- Gluteus Maximus attachments
- Long head of Biceps Femurs Tendon attaches
- Piriformis Attachments
- Connects with Fascia of the Pelvis
Sacroiliac Ligament
ANTERIRO (Ventral) SACROILIAC:
- Form 3rd Sacral Segment to Auricular Surface of Ilium and Lateral Preauricular Sulcus
INTEROSSEOUS SACROILIAC:
- Massive bond between the Upper parts of the Joint (Connect Tuberosities of Sacrum and Ilium)
- Lies DEEP to Posterior SI Ligament
POSTERIOR (Dorsal) SACROILIAC
- Partly covers the Interosseous, from Lateral Sacral Crest to PSIS and Internal Iliac Crest
Pubic Symphysis
Secondary Cartilaginous Joint
- Surfaces of the articulating bones are covered with HYALINE CARTILAGE and the bones are united by Strong Fibrous Connective Tissue and/or Fibrocartilage
- Strong, Slight Moveable Joint
- FIBROCARTILAGENOUS Joint!!!!!!!
- Has a Disc, the “INTERPUBIC DISC”
Muscles acting at the Hip
FLEXORS:
- Pull Pelvis ANTERIORLY
EXTENSORS:
- Pull Pelvis POSTERIORLY
ADDUCTORS:
- Stabilize and “Pull” MEDIALLY
EXTERNAL ROTATORS:
- EXTERNALLY Rotate
