DPP-4 inhibitors OR Gliptins

Question 1

Class?

Answer 1

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4 inhibitors) or gliptins

Question 2

List.

Answer 2

• Linagliptin (Trajenta)
• Saxagliptin (Onglyza)
• Sitagliptin (Januvia)
• Vildagliptin (Galvus)

Question 3

MOA.

Answer 3

• increase the concentration of incretin hormones (glucagon-like peptide-1)
• :. increase insulin secretion from the pancreas (?)

Question 4

Indication?

Answer 4

Type 2 diabetes

- used as dual therapy in type 2 diabetes, with metformin or a sulfonylurea

Question 5

Dose ranges?

Answer 5

saxagliptin (Onglyza):
- 5mg d

linagliptin
- 5mg d

vildagliptin:
with metformin: 50–100mg d (1/2doses)
with sulfonylurea: 50mg d m

sitagliptin:
- 100mg d

Question 6

AEs?

Answer 6

• hypoglycaemia (mainly when used with a sulfonylurea)
• headache, nausea
• blocked/runny nose, sore throat
• constipation
• arthralgia

Rare
pancreatitis, hypersensitivity

Question 7

Counseling?

Answer 7

• If you develop a rash or hives, or swelling of the
  face, lips, mouth or tongue, seek medical advice. Allergic reactions generally develop during the first 3 months of treatment.
• This medicine can be taken with or without food.
  > Combination with metformin: take with or after food to reduce stomach upset.

Question 8

Label?

Answer 8

10a

- Do not take more than one aspirin tablet or capsule each day while being treated with this medicine

Question 9

Monitoring?

Answer 9

• blood sugar levels
• hypoglycemia (if combined with Sulfonylurea)
• hypersensitivity reactions