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Year 3 DPD > DPD Amir Sam 2 > Flashcards

DPD Amir Sam 2 Flashcards

Cardio 2 Resp

1
Q

Which limb leads show ST elevation in an anterior MI?

A

V3-4

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2
Q

Which limb leads show ST elevation in an lateral MI?

A

I, aVL, V5-6

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3
Q

Which limb leads show ST elevation in an inferior MI?

A

II, III, aVF

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4
Q

What are the types of tachycardia?

A 
Sinus tachycardia
SVT
VT
AF
Atrial flutter
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5
Q

What is the pattern of atrial flutter?

A

Sawtooth

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6
Q

What is the treatment for atrial flutter?

A

Similar to AF

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7
Q

What is the distinct characteristic of VT?

A

Broad QRS complexes

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8
Q

What is 1st degree HB?

A

Prolonged P-R interval

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9
Q

What is 2nd degree HB?

A

P wave not followed by a QRS complex

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10
Q

What is 3rd degree HB?

A

Complete dissociation between P and QRS complexes

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11
Q

What is LVH by voltage criteria?

A

Deep S in V1 or 2
Tall R in V5 or 6
Total is greater than 7 large squares

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12
Q

How do you manage a Pt with pulseless VT?

A

Defibrillate

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13
Q

How do you manage a Pt with VT and no haemodynamic compromise?

A

IV amiodarone
Treat underlying cause
ICD (implantable cardioverter defibrillator)

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14
Q

What are the causes of LVH?

A

Hypertension

Aortic stenosis

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15
Q

65F SOB for a few hrs
Orthopnoea
Hx 2x MIs
DH- aspirin, simvastatin, ramipril, bisoprolol
Temp 36.5, raised JVP, HS 1+2+3, fine crackles on auscultation, peripheral oedema

What is the diagnosis?

A

Congestive heart failure

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16
Q

What is a third heart sound?

A

Rapid ventricular filling

17
Q

What can cause a third heart sound?

A

Congestive heart failure

18
Q

What is the characteristic sound heard in atrial septal defects?

A

Splitting of the heart sounds

19
Q

What is a fourth heart sound?

A

Ventricular hypertrophy

20
Q

What is the most appropriate management for a Pt with cHF?

A. Sit them up + 60-100% O2
B. BiPAP
C. CPAP
D. 24% O2
E. Intubate and ventilate
A

A. Sit them up + 60-100% O2

21
Q

What is the management of acute HF?

A

Sit up
Oxygen
Frusemide (IV)
Treat the underlying cause

SOFT

22
Q

When would you give a Pt BiPAP in an acute presentation?

A

When the Pt has respiratory acidosis

23
Q

When would you give a Pt CPAP in an acute presentation?

A

When the Pt has pulmonary oedema

24
Q

Why shouldn’t you give oral frusemide to a Pt with peripheral oedema?

A

They will also have gut oedema

Absorption of the diuretic will be poor

25
Q 
78M Unconscious
Not breathing
No carotid pulse
Temp 29
ECG shows VF

What should you do first to treat the Pt?

A

Warm them up

26
Q

What is the ALS algorithm for a Pt with VF/pulseless VT?

A 
Shock them
CPR (2 mins)
Assess rhythm
Give adrenaline every 3-5 mins
Amiodarone after 3 shocks
Correct reversible causes
27
Q

What is the ALS algorithm for a Pt with asystole/pulseless electrical activity?

A

CPR (2 mins)
Give adrenaline every 3-5 mins
Correct reversible causes

28
Q

What are the causes of

HHHHTTTT

A 
Hypothermia
Hypoxia
Hypovolaemia
Hypo/hyperkalaemia
Tamponade
Tension PT
Thromboembolic
Toxic/metabolic
29
Q

30F URTI
Pleuritic chest pain
Better when leaning forwards
Widespread ST elevation (saddle shape)

What is the diagnosis?

A

Pericarditis

30
Q

What are the causes of pleuritic chest pain?

A 
Pericarditis
Pneumothorax
Pulmonary embolism
Pneumonia
Pleural pathology
5xP
Sub-diaphragmatic pathology (eg SD abscess)

Year 3 DPD (5 decks)

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