DPD Flashcards
Organism causing infective exacerbations in CF
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Hospital acquired pneumonia
Staph aureus
Non pathogenic organism causing pneumonia in immunosuppressed individuals
Pneumocystis jirovecii
Raynaud phenomenon
Hands turn white, blue, red painful
Normal after several minutes
Triggered by cold
Raynaud phenomenon associated with autoimmune syndromes eg
Progressive systemic sclerosis (scleroderma 90%)
Mixed connective tissue disease (85%)
SLE
Non autoimmune disorders
Early pathological feature in young post-mortem specimen
Fatty streak:
first grossly visible (to the naked eye) lesion in the development of atherosclerosis, irregular yellow-white discoloration on the luminal surface of an artery.
Most atherogenic particle
Small dense LDL
Enzyme carried on LDL
Lp-PLA2
Majority if STEMI
Plaque rupture
GI disease patient may be deficient of which dietary mineral required for the metabolism of sulfur-containing amino acids?
Molybdenum
Within a few days following extensive traumatic wound
ill and fever
Redness and swelling over wide skin area
crepitus (fine crackling sensation) upon pressing
Sensation bpm
Ulcers distant to original infection
NECROTISING FASCIITIS
Treat with surgical debridement
Eyelid muscles
Obicularis oculi (by facial n.) —> Closes eyelid
Levator palpebrae superioris (by oculomotor n. & sympathetic nerves)
—> raises upper lids
Extrinsic eye muscles
Superior rectus
Inferior recuts
Medial rectus
Lateral rectus (makes cornea look laterally, by abducens n.)
Superior oblique
Inferior oblique
Red streaks (typical of watermelon) on antrum ot stomach +
Iron deficiency anaemia
Gastric Antral Vascular Ectasia (GAVE)
Severe upper abdominal pain
Nausea
Vomiting
+
Very high serum amylase
Acute pancreatitis
Diarhhoea
Fatigue
Weight loss
COELIAC DISEASE
Autoimmune disease to gluten
Vomiting blood after retching
Caused by excessive vomiting following alcohol consumption
Mallory Weiss tear
Spastic paraparesis
Bilateral extensor plant responses
Increased tone in LL
Urinary retention
Causes of abdominal distention
5Fs
Fetus Flatus Fluid Faeces Fat
Shifting dullness
= fluid in peritoneal cavity
Non alcoholic fatty liver disease
Most common condition affecting liver Driven by metabolic syndrome - central adiposity - insulin resistance - common in T2D
Risk factors
- genetic
- ethnicity
- gut microbiome
- diet
Non alcoholic fatty liver disease
Histology - same as alcoholic liver disease
Macro-vesicular fat globules within hepatocytes in pt with steatosis
Can progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH): inflammarory infiltrate around around central veins
Cirrhosis < fibrotic tissue due to chronic inflammation
Liver disease histology (on biopsy)
Haemochromatosis: iron overload
Autoimmune hepatitis: portal plasma cell- dominant infiltrate with interface hepatitis and bridging fibrosis
Primary biliary cirrhosis: intrahepatic bile duct inflammation, small bile duct loss, bile duct proliferation
DVT
Clinically inapparent (70%)
PE/arrest
Post thrombotic syndrome
DVT gold standard diagnosis
Venography
Although B mode US has high specificity and sensitivity
DVT prophylaxis
Low molecular weight heparin
Once daily
Recurrent DVT treatment
Long term anticoagulation
White rice only diet vitamin deficiency
Vitamin B1 (thiamine). They develop
—> wet or dry beriberi
—> Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
Vit B2 (riboflavin) found in cheese, fish, leafy green vegetables
Vit B12 found in animal products, deficient in veg diets.
Vitamin C deficiency = scurvy
Blind right eye
Lesion most likely in…
Right optic nerve
Left homonymous haemianopsia
Both eyes lose left side of vision
Right optic tract
Bitemporal hemianopia
Optic chiasm
Chronic granulomatous disease is a feature of
CROHN’s disease
Malar (butterfly) rash indicates…
SLE
Principally affects synovium
RA
Vasculitis associated with ANCA (anti neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody)
Wegener’s granulomatosis
