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YEAR 3 > DPD > Flashcards

DPD Flashcards

1
Q

Organism causing infective exacerbations in CF

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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2
Q

Hospital acquired pneumonia

A

Staph aureus

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3
Q

Non pathogenic organism causing pneumonia in immunosuppressed individuals

A

Pneumocystis jirovecii

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4
Q

Raynaud phenomenon

A

Hands turn white, blue, red painful

Normal after several minutes

Triggered by cold

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5
Q

Raynaud phenomenon associated with autoimmune syndromes eg

A

Progressive systemic sclerosis (scleroderma 90%)

Mixed connective tissue disease (85%)

SLE

Non autoimmune disorders

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6
Q

Early pathological feature in young post-mortem specimen

A

Fatty streak:

first grossly visible (to the naked eye) lesion in the development of atherosclerosis, irregular yellow-white discoloration on the luminal surface of an artery.

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7
Q

Most atherogenic particle

A

Small dense LDL

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8
Q

Enzyme carried on LDL

A

Lp-PLA2

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9
Q

Majority if STEMI

A

Plaque rupture

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10
Q

GI disease patient may be deficient of which dietary mineral required for the metabolism of sulfur-containing amino acids?

A

Molybdenum

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11
Q

Within a few days following extensive traumatic wound
ill and fever
Redness and swelling over wide skin area
crepitus (fine crackling sensation) upon pressing
Sensation bpm
Ulcers distant to original infection

A

NECROTISING FASCIITIS

Treat with surgical debridement

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12
Q

Eyelid muscles

A 
Obicularis oculi (by facial n.) 
—> Closes eyelid

Levator palpebrae superioris (by oculomotor n. & sympathetic nerves)
—> raises upper lids

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13
Q

Extrinsic eye muscles

A

Superior rectus

Inferior recuts

Medial rectus

Lateral rectus (makes cornea look laterally, by abducens n.)

Superior oblique

Inferior oblique

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14
Q

Red streaks (typical of watermelon) on antrum ot stomach +

Iron deficiency anaemia

A

Gastric Antral Vascular Ectasia (GAVE)

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15
Q

Severe upper abdominal pain
Nausea
Vomiting

+

Very high serum amylase

A

Acute pancreatitis

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16
Q

Diarhhoea
Fatigue
Weight loss

A

COELIAC DISEASE

Autoimmune disease to gluten

17
Q

Vomiting blood after retching

Caused by excessive vomiting following alcohol consumption

A

Mallory Weiss tear

18
Q

Spastic paraparesis

A

Bilateral extensor plant responses
Increased tone in LL
Urinary retention

19
Q

Causes of abdominal distention

5Fs

A 
Fetus
Flatus
Fluid
Faeces
Fat
20
Q

Shifting dullness

A

= fluid in peritoneal cavity

21
Q

Non alcoholic fatty liver disease

A 
Most common condition affecting liver
Driven by metabolic syndrome
- central adiposity
- insulin resistance
- common in T2D

Risk factors

  • genetic
  • ethnicity
  • gut microbiome
  • diet
22
Q

Non alcoholic fatty liver disease

Histology - same as alcoholic liver disease

A

Macro-vesicular fat globules within hepatocytes in pt with steatosis

Can progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH): inflammarory infiltrate around around central veins

Cirrhosis < fibrotic tissue due to chronic inflammation

23
Q

Liver disease histology (on biopsy)

A

Haemochromatosis: iron overload

Autoimmune hepatitis: portal plasma cell- dominant infiltrate with interface hepatitis and bridging fibrosis

Primary biliary cirrhosis: intrahepatic bile duct inflammation, small bile duct loss, bile duct proliferation

24
Q

DVT

A

Clinically inapparent (70%)

PE/arrest

Post thrombotic syndrome

25
Q

DVT gold standard diagnosis

A

Venography

Although B mode US has high specificity and sensitivity

26
Q

DVT prophylaxis

A

Low molecular weight heparin

Once daily

27
Q

Recurrent DVT treatment

A

Long term anticoagulation

28
Q

White rice only diet vitamin deficiency

A

Vitamin B1 (thiamine). They develop
—> wet or dry beriberi
—> Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome

Vit B2 (riboflavin) found in cheese, fish, leafy green vegetables

Vit B12 found in animal products, deficient in veg diets.

Vitamin C deficiency = scurvy

29
Q

Blind right eye

Lesion most likely in…

A

Right optic nerve

30
Q

Left homonymous haemianopsia

Both eyes lose left side of vision

A

Right optic tract

31
Q

Bitemporal hemianopia

A

Optic chiasm

32
Q

Chronic granulomatous disease is a feature of

A

CROHN’s disease

33
Q

Malar (butterfly) rash indicates…

A

SLE

34
Q

Principally affects synovium

A

RA

35
Q

Vasculitis associated with ANCA (anti neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody)

A

Wegener’s granulomatosis

YEAR 3 (1 decks)

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