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Question 1

what are DALY’s

Answer 1

a measure of burden of disease, one Daly equals one year of healthy life lost due to premature death and time lived with illness, disease or injury. 1 DALY = 1 year of healthy life lost

Question 2

what is burden of disease

Answer 2

a measure of the impact of disease and injuries; specifically it measures the gap between current health status and an ideal situation where everyone lives to an old age free of disease and disability. Burden of disease is measured in a unit called a DALY.

Question 3

what is life expectancy

Answer 3

an indication of how long a person can expect to live if death rates do not change

Question 4

what is Health Adjusted Life Expectancy (HALE)

Answer 4

A measure of the burden of disease based on life expectancy at birth, including an adjustment for times of ill health; the number of years of full health that a person can expect to live, based on current rates of ill health of mortality.

Question 5

Mortality

Answer 5

How many deaths occurred in a population in a given period of time for a specific or all causes.

Question 6

Under 5 mortality rate

Answer 6

The rate of deaths occurring in children under 5 years of age per 1000 live births.

Question 7

infant mortality rate

Answer 7

Refers to the risk of an infant dying between birth and one year of age in a given year per 1000 live birth.

Question 8

Maternal Mortality Rate

Answer 8

Refers to the number of deaths of women due to pregnancy or childbirth-related complications

Question 9

Morbidity

Answer 9

Refers to ill health in an individual and the levels of ill health in a population or group.

Question 10

Incidence

Answer 10

The number or rate of new cases of an illness occurring during a given period.

Question 11

Prevalence

Answer 11

The number or proportion of cases of a particular disease or condition present in a population at a given time.

Question 12

Trend

Answer 12

General movement or pattern over time.

Question 13

5 dimensions of health (Physical MESS)

Answer 13

physical, mental, emotional, social, spiritual

Question 14

Physical health and wellbeing

Answer 14

Relates to the efficient functioning of the body and its systems, it includes the physical capacity to perform daily activities or tasks.

Question 15

Mental health and wellbeing

Answer 15

Relates to the state of a person’s mind or brain and relates to the ability to think and process information. Optimal mental health and wellbeing enables an individual to positively form opinions, make decisions and use logic.

Question 16

Emotional health and wellbeing

Answer 16

Relates to the ability to recognize, understand and effectively manage and express feelings, in a positive way. It also includes the ability to display resilience.

Question 17

Social health and wellbeing

Answer 17

Relates to the ability to form meaningful and satisfying relationships with others and the ability to manage or adapt appropriately to different social situations

Question 18

Spiritual health and wellbeing

Answer 18

Relates to ideas, beliefs, values and ethics that arise in the minds and conscience of human beings. It includes the concepts of hope, peace, a guiding sense of meaning or value, and reflection on a person’s place in the world. Spiritual health and wellbeing can also relate to organised religion, a higher power and prayer, values, a sense of purpose in life, connection or belonging.

Question 19

Health and wellbeing

Answer 19

the state of a person’s physical, social, emotional, mental and spiritual existence and is characterised by an equilibrium in which the individual feels happy, healthy, capable and engaged

Question 20

Health

Answer 20

a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

Question 21

Wellbeing

Answer 21

A complex combination of all dimensions of health, characterised by an equilibrium in which the individual feels happy, healthy, capable and engaged.

Question 22

The 1946 World Health Organisation (WHO) definition of health

Answer 22

health is a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity.

Question 23

Infirmity

Answer 23

the quality or state of being weak or ill; often associated with old age