DOXA & EPISTEME Flashcards
what is doxa?
knowledge grounded on opinion
ex: men are naturally better at math
what is episteme?
knowledge grounded on truth
ex: research shows that differences in performance are not due to innate ability
who is the father of philosophy?
rene descartes
what is the meaning of “dupito, ergo cogito! cogito ergo sum!”
“i think, therefore i doubt. i think, therefore i am human”
NEO-CLASSICAL THEORIES OF TRUTH
the agreement of mind and reality, **correspondence to external reality **
theory of truth that asserts that a statement or belief is true if it corresponds to reality or the facts. In other words, a statement is true if what it asserts matches the way the world actually is.
ex: S
statement: “the sky is blue.”
fact (reality): the sky, under normal daytime conditions, appears blue due to the scattering of sunlight by the Earth’s atmosphere.
correspondence: the statement “the sky is blue” is true because it accurately describes the reality of the sky’s color in the given conditions.
classical correspondence theory
NEO-CLASSICAL THEORIES OF TRUTH
claims that info is true if it follows logically and coherently, coherence within a system of beliefs
the truth of a statement is determined by its coherence or consistency with a set of beliefs or propositions.
ex: witnesses, phone records, security camera footage, and a suspect’s alibi
coherence truth theory
NEO-CLASSICAL THEORIES OF TRUTH
what is true is what everyone agrees to be true
the idea that truth is whatever is agreed upon by a community or group of people. according to this theory, something is considered true if there is a widespread or collective agreement on it
ex: if scientists around the world come to a consensus that climate change is caused by human activities based on shared research and observations, then this conclusion is considered “true” in the consensus theory because the community of scientists agrees on it, even though individuals might not have personally verified every piece of evidence.
consensus truth theory
NEO-CLASSICAL THEORIES OF TRUTH
holds that truth is dependent on our ability to know or verify it. In this view, a statement is considered true if it can be justified or known through rational investigation, empirical evidence, or proper reasoning.
ex: imagine a scientific hypothesis, such as “water boils at 100°C at sea level.” according to the epistemic theory of truth, this statement is true because it can be verified through experimentation and scientific method. the truth of this claim is determined by our ability to observe and confirm it under specific conditions, making the truth reliant on what can be known or discovered through empirical investigation.
epistemic truth theory
true or false: subjective is truth and objective is Truth
true
HERMENEUTICS
what is hermeneutics?
science of interpretation and meaning
- delivers correct meaning
- comes from the word “hermes”
HERMENEUTICS
what are the three key aspects of hermeneutics?
historical context, author’s intent, textual meaning
PHILOSOPHICAL DIMENSIONS
examining the nature of understanding and interpretation itself, the study of being or existence.
ontology
PHILOSOPHICAL DIMENSIONS
exploring how knowledge and meaning are constructed and perceived
epistemology
