Downing: Histology of the Liver Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the liver?

A

Regulates metab of carbs, lipids, proteins

Storehouse for CARBS

Secretes glucose, plasma proteins and lipoproteins into blood stream

secretes bile, bilirubin and secretory IgA into duodenum

Degrades and excretes hormones

Transforms/excretes drugs/ toxins

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2
Q

What is the largest gland in the body?

A

liver

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3
Q

How does blood flow through the liver?

A

Enters via hepatic artery and portal vein

Leaves via hepatic veins

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4
Q

What is the classic liver lobule?

A

Hard to delineate in human livers
hexagonal 1mm x 2mm
1 million in human livers!
Portal canals are located at the corners of the hexagons (2-4)

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5
Q

What’s in the portal canal?

A
Portal vein
hepatic artery
bile duct
lymphatic vessels
nerves
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6
Q

What are the liver parenchymal cells?

A

(hepatocytes)

Form liver cords, plates or tubercula

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7
Q

What is the dual blood supply to the liver?

A

portal vein

hepatic artery

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8
Q

What is the pathway of the blood flow?

A
  1. portal vein/hepatic artery
  2. branches of PV/HA
  3. hepatic sinusoids
  4. central veins
  5. sublobular vein
  6. hepatic vein
  7. IVC
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9
Q

What is a hepatic sinusoid?

A

where portal veins and hepatic arteries empt

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10
Q

What lines a hepatic sinusoid?

A
endothelial cells
kupffer cells (mphages)
perisinusoidal fat storying cell (lypocyte)= stores vit A

*no basal lamina

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11
Q

What role does the endothelial cell play in the hepatic sinusoid?

A

alllows chylomicrons and plasma to come in contact w/ liver parenchyma

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12
Q

What are kupffer cells?

A

Phagocytic cells

moncytes

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13
Q

What are lipocytes?

A

perisinusoidal fat storing cells

Store vit A

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14
Q

What is a liver parenchymal cell?

A

Carries out the metabolic fxn of liver (50 golgi complexes)
Binucelated cells
Contains microvilli that project into the space of Disse (between sinusoidal lining nad liver parenchymal cells)

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15
Q

What is a classical lobule?

A

Central veins outline portal spaces

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16
Q

What is a portal lobule? What is the diff between bile flow and blood flow in a portal lobule?

A

encompasses all classical lobules which secrete bile into a common interlobular bile duct

Blood- center to periphery
Bile- periphery to center

17
Q

What is a liver acinus?

A

Functional unit of liver parenchyma

Center is a terminal branch of the PV/HA
Rhomboid in appearance

Bile- periphery to center
Blood- center to periphery

O2 tension and nutrient level decreases from zone 1 to 2 to 3 (area next to the central vein)