DOTD Flashcards
Why is Acetaminophen preferred over NSAIDs in patients with gastrointestinal sensitivity?
Tylenol has minimal COX-1 inhibition, causing fewer GI side effects than NSAIDs, which may cause ulcers or bleeding.
What is the primary use of Albuterol (ProAir), and what receptor does it target?
Broncho-dilator to treat asthma and COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)
It targets β2-adrenergic receptors to relax bronchial smooth muscle.
How does Omeprazole (Prilosec), made by AstraZeneca, reduce stomach acid production?
Omeprazole irreversibly inhibits the H⁺/K⁺ ATPase (proton pump) in stomach lining, reducing acid secretion.
What type of drug is Humira (Adalimumab), and what condition does it primarily treat?
Humira is a monoclonal antibody (DMARD) that binds TNF-α. It treats autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn’s disease.
What is the unique challenge in delivering mRNA vaccines like Spikervax (Moderna), and how is it overcome?
mRNA is unstable and easily degraded. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) protect and deliver mRNA into cells for protein translation.
What is the mechanism of action of Albuterol, and how does it relieve asthma symptoms?
Albuterol stimulates β2-adrenergic receptors, causing bronchodilation and rapid airway relaxation for asthma relief.
Albuterol maker
GSK
What class of drug is Paclitaxel (Taxol), and what is its major limitation in formulation?
Paclitaxel is a chemotherapy drug that stabilizes microtubules to block mitosis. Its major limitation is poor water solubility, requiring solvents that may cause hypersensitivity.
