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Med > Dosages > Flashcards

Dosages Flashcards

1
Q

Warfarin

in DVT/PE

A

0.5-6 mg PO daily

INR has to be 2-3

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2
Q

Heparin (UFH) IV

in ACS

A

IV Bolus: 60-70 IU/Kg (Max 5,000 IU)

Then 12-15 IU/Kg/h Infusion,

aPTT Q6H (x1.5-2.5)

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3
Q

Heparin (UFH) IV

in DVT/PE (Tx)

A

IV Bolus: 80 IU/Kg

Then 18 IU/Kg/h Infusion,

aPTT Q6H, x (1.5-2.5)

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4
Q

Heparin (UFH)

in DVT/PE (Prophylaxis)

A

SC 5,000 IU Q12H or Q8H

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5
Q

Enoxaparin

in ACS

A

SC 1 mg/kg BID (Max 100 mg BID)

If age>75y then 0.75 mg/kg BID

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6
Q

Enoxaparin

in DVT/PE (Tx)

A

SC 1 mg/kg BID

Or 1.5 mg/kg Q24H

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7
Q

Enoxaparin

in DVT/PE (Prophylaxis)

A

SC 30-40 mg Q24H

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8
Q

Clopidogrel (Plavix)

in ACS

A

Loading dose 300-600 mg

Maintenance 75-150 mg/day

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9
Q

ASA

in ACS vs Stroke

A

ACS: 160-325 mg

Stroke: 160 mg

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10
Q

Prasugrel

in ACS

A

Loading dose 60 mg

Then 10 mg/day

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11
Q

Metoprolol IV

in ACS

A

IV 5 mg over 1-2 min Repeat Q5min,

PO can be started 15 min after IV

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12
Q

Metoprolol PO

in ACS

A

PO Initial 25-50 mg QID

Target 100 mg BID

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13
Q

Carvedilol

in CHF

A

Initial 3.125 mg BID

Target 25 mg BID

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14
Q

Labetalol in HTN

A

Initial 50 mg BID

Usual 200 mg BID

(Alpha1+Beta1 blocker)

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15
Q

Atenolol

A

Initial 25-50 mg/day

Target 100 mg/day

Do not use in Pregnancy

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16
Q

Nitroglycerin SL

in ACS

A

SL 0.3-0.6 mg PRN Q5min

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17
Q

Nitroglycerin Spray

in ACS

A

SL 0.4 mg PRN Q5min

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18
Q

Verapamil

in ACS

A

Initial 80 mg

Max 160 mg TID

(If IR form: TID, If SR form: BID)

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19
Q

Amlodipine

A

Initial 2.5 mg/day

Max 10 mg/day Once daily

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20
Q

Nifedipine XL

in HTN or Raynaud’s

A

Initial 30 mg/day

Usual 60 mg/day

Raynaud’s 30 mg/day

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21
Q

Enalapril

in ACS, CHF, HTN

A

Initial 2.5 mg BID

Target 10-20 mg BID

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22
Q

Losartan

A

Initial 50 mg/day

Target 100-150 mg/day

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23
Q

Furosemide PO and IV

A

PO: Initial 20-80 mg SD If needed: increase by 20-40 mg Q6-8H

IV: 20-40 mg Single injection If needed: may repeat Q2H

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24
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide

A

Initial 12.5-25 mg/day

Usual 25-100 mg/day

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25
Q

Spironolactone

in CHF

A

Initial 12.5 mg/day

Target 25-50 mg/day

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26
Q

Atorvastatin

A

10-80 mg/day At any time of the day

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27
Q

Gemfibrozil

A

300-1200 mg/day Divided BID 30 min prior to meals

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28
Q

Glyburide

A

PO 2.5-20 mg/day

If >10 mg, then divide in 2 doses

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29
Q

Metformin (Glucophage)

A

500-1500 or 2500 mg/day Divided BID or TID

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30
Q

Calcium Gluconate

in Hyperkalemia (ER)

A

IV 10 ml of a 10% Solution Over 2-5 min

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31
Q

Ferrous Sulfate

in IDA

A

120 mg/day (105-200 mg/day) elemental iron In 3 divided doses 60 mg elemental iron/ 300 mg Ferrous Sulfate

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32
Q

Asthma Acute Exacerbation

Salbutamol + Ipratropium bromide dosage

A

pMDI 4-8 puffs Q15-20 min x3 (Both)

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33
Q

Asthma Acute Exacerbation

Oral Prednisone dosage

A

40-60 mg PO

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34
Q

Asthma Acute Exacerbation

IV Corticosteroids dosage

A

Methylprednisolone 60-80 mg IV

Or Hydrocortisone 200 mg IV

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35
Q

Asthma Acute Exacerbation in Children

Prednisone Oral dosage

A

1-2 mg/kg PO

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36
Q

Asthma Acute Exacerbation in Children

IV Corticosteroid dosage

A

Methylprednisolone 2 mg/kg IV Or Hydrocortisone 5-8 mg/kg

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37
Q

ACLS

Defibrillation in VF or Pulseless VT

A

360 J Monophasic Or 200 J Biphasic

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38
Q

ACLS

Epinephrine in VF or Pulseless VT

A

1 mg IV Q3-5 Minutes

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39
Q

ACLS

Amiodarone in VF or Pulseless VT

A

First dose: 300 mg IV (slowly: within 10 minutes)

Then: 150 mg IV (slowly: within 10 minutes)

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40
Q

ACLS

Vasopressin in VF or Pulseless VT

A

40 units IV

Can replace 1st or 2nd dose of Epinephrine

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41
Q

ACLS

Mg in Torsades

A

2-5 gr IV,

(slowly: within 3-5 minutes)

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42
Q

ACLS

VT with Pulse (If Persistent)

  1. Cardioversion…….?
  2. Adenosine……?
A
  1. 100 J Synchronized
  2. 1st dose: 6 mg IV 2nd dose: 12 mg IV (Must be regular and monomorphic)
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43
Q

ACLS

VT with Pulse (If Not Persistent) With Narrow QRS

A

Vagal Maneuver Or Adenosine 6 mg then 12 mg Or Beta blocker Or CCB

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44
Q

ACLS

VT with Pulse (If Not Persistent) With Wide QRS

A

(No Adenosine) Procainamide 20-50 mg IV slow Or Amiodarone 150 mg IV slow And Consult

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45
Q

ACLS

Asystole or PEA

A

(Not shockable)

Epinephrine 1 mg + CPR 2 min/5 cycles And repeat Manage 5 Hs and 5 Ts

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46
Q

ACLS

Bradicardia<50 If 2nd or 3rd degree Heart Block

A

Atropine 0.5 mg Q3-5 Minutes Max 6 doses Or Transcutaneous Pacing Rate 80, Amplitude: Capture+10

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47
Q

ACLS

Bradicardia<50 If 2nd or 3rd degree Heart Block Alternative treatments

A

Dopamine Infusion 2-10 mcg/kg/min

Or Epinephrine 1 mg Q4-6 Minutes

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48
Q

Status Epilepticus 6-10 minutes

A

2 large bore IV Saline

Dextrose 50% 50 ml IV

Thiamine 100 mg IM or IV

Lorazepam 2 mg IV, Repeat once

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49
Q

Status Epilepticus 6-10 min (If no IV access)

A

Midazolam 5 mg IM, repeat once

Or Diazepam pr 20 mg (Either rectal gel or IV Solution)

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50
Q

Status Epilepticus In 11-30 minutes

(Two traditional choices)

A

First: Phenytoin 20 mg/kg IV

Then: Phenobarbital 20 mg/kg IV

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51
Q

Status Epilepticus In 11-30 minutes

(Two new alternatives)

A

Midazolam 10 mg IV bolus

Or Propofol 2-5 mg/kg IV bolus

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52
Q

Respiratory Suppression in Opioids overdose:

Naloxone dosage

A

Adults and Children >5y:

0.4-2 mg Q2-3 Minutes IV

In Children <5y:

0.01 mg/kg Q2-3 Minutes IV

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53
Q

Equivalent Doses of Opioids:

10 mg Morphine IV = ….. mg Morphine PO

A

60 mg PO

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54
Q

Equivalent Doses of Opioids

10 mg Morphine IV (=60 mg Morphine PO)

Convert to Fentanyl

A

0.1 mg Fentanyl IV

(Fentanyl has no Oral form)

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55
Q

Equivalent Doses of Opioids

10 mg Morphine IV (=60 mg Morphine PO)

Convert to Hydromorphone

A

2 mg IV

Or 5 mg PO

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56
Q

Equivalent Doses of Opioids

10 mg Morphine IV (=60 mg Morphine PO)

Convert to Meperidine (Pethidine)

A

75 mg IV

Or 300 mg PO

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57
Q

Equivalent Doses of Opioids

10 mg Morphine IV (=60 mg Morphine PO)

Convert to Codein

A

120 mg IV

Or 200 mg PO

58
Q

Equivalent Doses of Opioids

10 mg Morphine IV (=60 mg Morphine PO)

Convert to Oxycodone

A

10 mg PO

(Oxycodone is only oral)

59
Q

Gout

Colchicine in Acute Attack

A

First: 1.2 mg

Then: 0.6 mg 1 h later

60
Q

Gout

Prednisone in Acute Attack

A

0.5 mg/kg PO daily For 5 days

61
Q

Gout

NSAID in Acute Attack

A

Naproxen 750 mg stat

Then 500 mg BID

62
Q

Situational Aggression

A

Haloperidol 5 mg PO or IM + Lorazepam 2 mg PO or IM

63
Q

Olanzapine IM (Immediate Acting)

A

2.5-10 mg IM

(Should not be used simultaneously with parenteral BZPs like Lorazepam)

64
Q

BZPs Dosage Equivalents:

5 mg of Diazepam=

…… Clonazepam

Or …… Chlordiazepoxide

A

0.25 mg Clonazepam

25 mg Chlordiazepoxide

65
Q

BZPs Dosage Equivalents:

5 mg of Diazepam=

…… mg Alprazolam

Or …. mg Temazepam

A

0.5 mg Alprazolam

10 mg Temazepam

66
Q

BZPs Dosage Equivalents:

5 mg of Diazepam=

….. mg Oxazepam

and …..mg Lorazepam

A

15 mg Oxazepam

1 mg Lorazepam

67
Q

Universal Antidotes:

Thiamine dosage

A

100 mg IV or IM

to all patients Or At least: If hx of EtOH or patient looks malnourished

68
Q

Universal Antidotes:

Dextrose (Glucose)

A

One Ampoule D50W IV

If low blood sugar on finger-prick

69
Q

Universal Antidotes:

Naloxone

A

0.4-2 mg IV or 0.01 mg/kg IV

If opiate overdose suspected

70
Q

Severe Migraine (ER):

1 L bolus of NS +

………………. Or …………………

A

Prochlorperazine 10 mg IV

Or Ketorolac 30 mg IV

71
Q

Moderate Allergic Reaction (Like generalized urticaria)

Treatments (ER)

  1. …………
  2. ………..
  3. ………..
A

Epinephrine (1:1,000) 0.3-0.5 mg IM (not IV)

+/- IM Diphenhydramine 25-50 mg

+/- Salbutamol 1 cc via MDI

72
Q

Severe Allergic Reaction

(Anaphylactic shock)

  1. ABCs +|- Crystlloids
  2. Epinephrine…………..
  3. …………
  4. ………….
A

Epinephrine (1:1,000) 0.1-0.3 mg IV (or via ETT)

+ Diphenhydramine 50 mg IV (~1 mg/kg)

+ Hydrocortisone 100 mg IV

(Or Methylprednisolone 1 mg/kg IV)

73
Q

Acute Heart Failure

  1. Furosemide …….
  2. If BP >100 then …….
  3. If BP < 90 then …….
A
  1. F: 40-80 mg IV
  2. Nitroglycerin: SL or IV Infusion
  3. Dobutamine IV Infusion (if no shock)

or Dopamine IV Infusion (if shock)

74
Q

Diabetes:

Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State

(Total Water deficit ?)

A

Rehydration with IV NS (Total Water deficit is 100 ml/kg)

+ O2 + monitoring

(but Insulin is controversial)

75
Q

Hyponatremia

If Mild to Moderate: Water restriction / NPO

If Seizure or Coma…………

A

100 cc NaCl 3%

76
Q

Hypokalemia

A

K+ diuretics

+/- IV solutions with 20-40 mEq/L KCl (over 3-4h)

77
Q

Hypocalcemia Tx

A

Calcium Gluconate 1-2 g IV in 10-20 minutes

78
Q

Hypertensive Crisis

1………..

or 2……………

or 3……………

A

Nitroprusside IV

Fenoldopam IV

Enalapril IV

79
Q

Prednisone dosage

in GCA

A

40-60 mg daily PO x 4 weeks Then taper

80
Q

Ranitidine dosage

in Dyspepsia

A

150 mg BID

81
Q

Omeprazole dosage

in GERD

A

20-40 mg Once daily 30 minutes before food

82
Q

End of Life Care: Morphine

A

PO: 5-10 mg Q4-6H + PRN

IV/SC: 2.5-5 mg Q4-6H + PRN

83
Q

Risperidone dosage

In Delirium vs Dementia

A

Delirium: 0.5-2 mg/day PO

Dementia: 0.25-2 mg/day PO

84
Q

Risperidone dosage

In Psychosis vs Mania

A

Psychosis: 2-8 mg/day PO

Mania: 2-3 mg/day PO

85
Q

Lithium dosage

In Bipolar disorder (Maintenance)

A

900-2100 mg/day PO Single daily dose preferred,

Guided by serum concentration (Target: 1-1.2 mmol/L)

86
Q

Temazepam dosage

in Insomnia

A

15 mg QHS PRN PO

87
Q

Insomnia Best BZP Agonist + dosage

A

Zopiclone 3.75 mg QHS PRN PO

88
Q

Bupropion dosage

in Smoking Cessation

A

150 mg PO for 3 days Then 150 mg BID PO

89
Q

Acetaminophen dosage

in Acute Headache (ER)

A

650-1300 mg Q4H Only 1 or 2 doses

90
Q

Dihydroergotamine dosage

in Acute Migraine (ER)

A

1 Spray (0.5 mg) In each nostril

May repeat in 15 minutes

Max 2 gr (4 sprays) per day

91
Q

Headache in Children:

Acetaminophen dosage

A

10-15 mg/kg/dose Q4H PO PRN

92
Q

Headache in Children:

Ibuprofen dosage

A

5-10 mg/kg/dose Up to 4 times daily

93
Q

Post Coital Contraception Oral Method

A

Levonorgestrel (Plan B) 1.5 mg Single dose within 24h

94
Q

OCPs Yaz

A

EE 20 ug + Drospirenone 3 mg

95
Q

Menopause Estrogen (Vaginal)

A

Premarin Vaginal Cream 0.625 mg

96
Q

Acetaminophen in Fever (Children)

A

PO 10-15 mg/kg/dose Q6H or Q8H

Max daily 75mg/kg or 4 gr

97
Q

Ibuprofen in Fever (Children)

A

PO 5-10 mg/kg/dose Q6H or Q8H

Max daily 40 mg/kg or 2.4 gr

98
Q

Cephalexin Adults & Children

A

PO

A 250-500 mg Q6H

C 6-12 mg/kg/dose Q6H

99
Q

Ciprofloxacin Adults only

A

500-750 mg BID

100
Q

Clindamycin Adults PO & IV

A

PO 150-300 mg Q6H

IV 450-600 mg QH8

101
Q

Amoxicillin/ Clavulanate (Clavulin) Adults & Children

A

A 250-500 mg Q8H

C 40 mg/kg/day, divided Q8H

102
Q

Vancomycin IV Adults & Children

A

IV

A 1 gr Q12H

C 10 mg/kg/dose Q6H

103
Q

Cefazolin IV Adults and Children

A

IV

A 1 gr Q8H

C 50-100 mg/kg/day, divided Q8H

104
Q

Amoxicillin in Strep Sore Throat

A

Adults & Children

50 mg/kg Once daily

or divided BID x10 days

Max 1 g/day

105
Q

Azithromycin in Strep Sore Throat

A

Adults

500 mg x1 day Then 250 mg x4 days Once daily

Children

12 mg/kg x1 day Max 500mg/day Then 6 mg/kg x4 days

Max 250mg/day

106
Q

SMX/TMP in Cystitis

A

800/160 mg BID PO (2 Regular Strength tablets Or 1 DS tablet BID)

107
Q

Nitrofurantoin in Cystitis (Sulfa Allergic)

A

100 mg BID PO

108
Q

Ciprofloxacin in Mild to Moderate Pyelonephritis

A

250-500 mg BID

109
Q

Gentamicin +|- Ampicillin in Severe Pyelonephritis

A

G: 3-5 mg/kg/day IV

A: 1 g Q6H IV

110
Q

Pyelonephritis in Pregnancy

A

Ceftriaxone 1 g Q24H IM or IV

111
Q

Acute Sinusitis First Line Tx in Children & Adults

A

Amoxicillin

Children: 40 mg/kg/day x 10 days Divided TID PO

Adults 500 mg - 1 g TID x 5-7 days

112
Q

Acute Sinusitis If Amoxicillin fails (Children)

A

Amoxicillin/Clavulanate x 10 days (7:1)

Children: 45 mg/kg/day (Amoxi Component) Divided BId-TID

113
Q

Acute Sinusitis If Penicillin Allergic (Adults)

A

Adults

Doxycycline x 5-7 days 200 mg PO once Then 100 mg BID

114
Q

Acute Sinusitis If Amoxicillin Fails (Adults)

A

Amoxicillin/Clavulanate x 5-10 days

Adults: 875 mg BID PO

115
Q

Chronic Sinusitis in Children & Adults

A

Amoxicillin/Clavulanate X 3 weeks

Ch: 45 mg/kg/day divided TID

Ad: 875 mg BID

116
Q

Chronic Sinusitis

If Betalactam Allergic Children & Adults

A

Clindamycin x 3 weeks

Ch: 20-30 mg/kg/day divided TID or QID

Ad: 300 mg QID PO

117
Q

Otitis Media in Children First Line

A

Amoxicillin HD:

75-90 mg/kg/day Divided BID or TID

x10 days if <2y

x5 days if >2y

118
Q

Otitis Media in Children Second Line

A

Amoxicillin/Clavulanate HD: 75-90 mg/kg/day amoxicillin Divided BID or TID

119
Q

Otitis Media in Children If frequent bouts

A

Amoxicillin/Clavulanate

HD: 75-90 mg/kg/day amoxicillin Divided BID or TID

120
Q

Otitis Media in Children If Penicillin Allergic

A

Azithromycin (if anaphylaxis) Or Cefuroxim (if rash)

Az: Day 1: 10 mg/kg Once daily Day 2-5: 5 mg/kg Once daily

Cef: 30 mg/kg/day divided BID

121
Q

Azithromycin in Children 5-day treatment vs 3-day treatment

A

5-day: Day 1: 10 mg/kg once daily Day 2-5: 5 mg/kg once daily

3-day: 10 mg/kg Once daily for 3 days

122
Q

Bacterial Meningitis in Adults

A

Vancomycin + Ceftriaxone

Vancomycin: 15-20 mg/kg Q8-12H

Ceftriaxone: 2 gr Q12-24H

123
Q

Bacterial Meningitis Post-Exposure Prophylaxis Hemophilus vs Meningococcus

A

H: Rifampin 20 mg/kg once daily x4 days

M: Rifampin 5-10 mg/kg Q12H x2 days

124
Q

Cefotaxime in CAP (adults)

A

1-2 g Q8H IV X 5-10 days

125
Q

Ceftriaxone in CAP (adults)

A

1-2 g Q24H IV X 5-10 days

126
Q

Levofloxacin in CAP (adults)

A

Oral: 500 mg Q24H x10 days Or 750 mg Q24H x5 days IV: 500 mg once daily

127
Q

Azithromycin in CAP

A

Oral: 500 mg 1st day Then 250 mg x4 days

Or 500 mg daily x3 days

128
Q

Croup First Line Treatment

A

Dexamethasone 0.2-0.6 mg/kg

PO/IM/IV Single dose

129
Q

Endocarditis Oral Prophylaxis in Children and Adults

A

Amoxicillin PO

Children: 50 mg/kg

Adults: 2 g

130
Q

Endocarditis

Parenteral Prophylaxis in Children and Adults

A

Ampicillin

Children: 50 mg/kg IV or IM

Adults: 2 g IV or IM

131
Q

Endocarditis

Oral Prophylaxis in Children and Adults

if Penicillin Allergic

A

Cephalexin

Children: 50 mg/kg

Adults: 2 g

132
Q

Endocarditis

Parenteral Prophylaxis in Children and Adults

if Penicillin Allergic

A

Cefazolin

Children 50 mg/kg IM or IV

Adults 1 g IM or IV

133
Q

Metronidazole in C.Difficile

A

PO 500 mg TID x 10-14 days + S.Boulardii

134
Q

Vancomycin in Severe C. Difficile

A

PO 125 mg QID x10-14 days

135
Q

Ciprofloxacin in Travellers Diarrhea

A

PO 500 mg BID x3 days

Or 750 mg Single dose

136
Q

H Pylori Eradication Standard triple therapy

A

PPI BID

Clarithromycin 500 mg BID

Amoxicillin 1 gr BID

x 10-14 days

137
Q

Trichomoniasis Treatment

A

Metronidazole 2 g PO Single Dose

Or 500 mg BID PO x7 days (Safe in Pregnancy)

138
Q

Bacterial Vaginosis Treatment

A

Metronidazole

Preferred dose: 500 mg BID PO x7 days

Alternative dose: 2 g PO Single Dose

139
Q

Vulvovaginal Candidiasis Treatment (Uncomplicated)

A

Clotrimazole 200 mg Vaginal Tablet 1 tab daily PV x3 days

Or 500 mg Vaginal Tablet 1 tab PV Single Dose

Or Fluconazole 150 mg PO x Single Dose

140
Q

Chlamydia Infection Treatment

A

Azithromycin 1 g PO Single Dose

141
Q

Gonorrhea Infection

A

Ceftriaxone 250 mg IM Single Dose

Med (6 decks)

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