Dosage Forms And Routes Of Admin

Question 1

Dosage form

Answer 1

system or device for delivering the drug to the body

Question 2

additives

Answer 2

additional formulation aids that may be necessary for a successful preparation of the dosage form

Question 3

diluents

Answer 3

additives used to increase the bulk weight or volume of a dosage from so that the dose of the active drug is more easily handled by the patient

Question 4

excipients

Answer 4

inactive substances used as a carrier for the active ingredients of a medication

Question 5

preservatives

Answer 5

substances that retard, minimize, or prevent the growth of bacteria or other microorganism in the dosage form

Question 6

size of capsules from largest to smallest

Answer 6

range from,000 (largest) to 5 (smallest)

Question 7

Chewable tablets

Answer 7

designed to be chewed before swallowing

Question 8

Enteric-coated (EC) tablets

Answer 8

tablets coated with a substance to prevent dissolution in the acid environment of the stomach, designed to dissolve in the intestine

Question 9

Sublingual tablets

Answer 9

tablets designed to dissolve quickly under the tongue so the active ingredient is rapidly absorbed

Question 10

Buccal tablets

Answer 10

designed to be placed between the cheek and gum where the drug dissolves slowly

Question 11

Film-coated tablets

Answer 11

tablets coated with a thin layer of water-soluble that dissolves rapidly in the stomach

Question 12

Effervescent tablets

Answer 12

tablets contain sodium bicarbonate and citric/tartaric acid so that when placed in liquid, an acid-base reaction causes carbon dioxide gas bubbles and releases the active drug

Question 13

Pellet tablets

Answer 13

small, cylinder-shaped tablets meant for implantation beneath the skin

Question 14

Vaginal tablets

Answer 14

designed to be inserted into the vagina, where it dissolves and the active drug is absorbed through the vaginal lining

Question 15

Lozenges

Answer 15

hard, oval, or discoid solid dosage forms with a drug contained in a flavored sugar base

Question 16

Suppositories

Answer 16

designed for insertion into the rectum, vaginal cavity, or urethral tract

Question 17

Powders

Answer 17

finely ground mixtures of dry drugs and inactive ingredients which are sprinkled or dusted on the area to be treated

Question 18

Granules

Answer 18

powders that are wetted, dried, and ground into course, irregular pieces

Question 19

Douches

Answer 19

directed into a body cavity to remove debris or disinfect

Question 20

Irrigations

Answer 20

used to wash eyes urinary bladder or open wounds

Question 21

Enemas

Answer 21

introduced into the rectum to empty the bowel or treat disease

Question 22

Gargles

Answer 22

solutions that treat diseases of the throat; not swallowed

Question 23

Washes

Answer 23

used to cleanse or bathe a body part, such as eyes or mouth; not swallowed

Question 24

Sprays

Answer 24

solutions delivered as a mist against the mucous membranes of the nose or mouth

Question 25

Injection

Answer 25

sterile drug solution introduced beneath the skin, into the muscle or into the bloodstream

Question 26

Syrups

Answer 26

concentrated mixture of sugar (or artificial sweetener) and drug; often used in pediatrics

Question 27

Mucilages

Answer 27

thick, adhesive liquids containing pulpy components of vegetable matter

Question 28

Hydro-alcoholic solutions include what solutions?

Answer 28

elixirs and tinctures

Question 29

Elixirs

Answer 29

elixirs are sweetened with a pleasant taste, have good relative stability, and are easy to prepare; concentration of alcohol is usually 3-25%

Question 30

Tinctures

Answer 30

tinctures are prepared from vegetable, animal, or chemical materials and have higher alcohol content than elixirs

Question 31

Alcoholic solutions

Answer 31

contain no water because the drug is dissolved directly in ethyl alcohol

Question 32

Emulsion

Answer 32

one liquid is broken into small particles and evenly scattered throughout the other

Question 33

internal phase in emulsions

Answer 33

liquid present in small particles

Question 34

external, or continuous, phase in emulsions

Answer 34

the liquid that was not broken into small particles

Question 35

Suspensions

Answer 35

mixtures of very fine particles of an insoluble solid distributed through a gas, liquid, or solid

Question 36

extended release forms

Answer 36

forms that deliver medication in a slow, controlled, and consistent manner, reducing risk of drug side effects

Question 37

CD

Answer 37

controlled diffusion

Question 38

CR

Answer 38

controlled (or continuous) release

Question 39

CRT

Answer 39

controlled release tablet

Question 40

LA

Answer 40

Long acting

Question 41

SA

Answer 41

sustained action

Question 42

SR

Answer 42

sustained (or slow) release

Question 43

TD

Answer 43

Time delay

Question 44

TR

Answer 44

time release

Question 45

XL

Answer 45

extra long

Question 46

XR

Answer 46

extended release

Question 47

ointments

Answer 47

semisolid preparations used for external application to the skin or mucous membranes

Question 48

creams

Answer 48

semisolid emulsions containing suspensions or solutions of drugs intended for external application

Question 49

pastes

Answer 49

ointment-like preparations for external application that are usually stiffer, less greasy, and more hydrophilic than onitments

Question 50

gels

Answer 50

two-phase system consisting of a solid internal phase diffused throughout a viscous liquid phase

Question 51

Inhalers

Answer 51

contain solutions or suspensions of solid or liquid particles in gas or air

Question 52

aerosols

Answer 52

suspensions of very fine liquid or solid drug particles in a gas propellant and packaged under pressure

Question 53

intramuscular

Answer 53

injected into a large muscle, most common sites are the upper arm, thigh, or buttock

Question 54

intradermal (ID)

Answer 54

into the top layer of skin

Question 55

intra-arterial (IA)

Answer 55

into an artery

Question 56

intra-articular

Answer 56

into a joint

Question 57

Intracardiac (IC)

Answer 57

into the heart

Question 58

intraperitoneal

Answer 58

into the abdominal cavity

Question 59

intrapleural

Answer 59

into the sac surrounding the lung

Question 60

intraventricular

Answer 60

into the cavities of the brain

Question 61

intrathecal

Answer 61

into the space around the spinal cord

Question 62

intravaginal

Answer 62

into the vagina

Question 63

intraocular

Answer 63

into the eye

Question 64

topical route of administration

Answer 64

refers to the application of a drug to the surface of the skin or mucous membranes

Question 65

rectal route

Answer 65

provides access through the anus into the rectum; abbreviated PR (per rectum)

Question 66

otic route

Answer 66

drugs administered through the ear canal; abbreviated by AD (right ear), AS (left ear), AU (both ears)

Question 67

ophthalmic route

Answer 67

administration of the drug through the eye; abbreviated OD (right eye), OS (left eye), OU (both eyes)