Dosage form Flashcards
Solid dosage forms include what?
tablets
capsule
enteric-coated tablets
A tablet is made of what?
made of a pressed powder
What determines what the tablet is used for?
How hard the powder is pressed
A sublingual tablet is made to do what?
dissolve quickly under the tongue and therefore must not be pressed hard into a dense tablet.
A nitroglycerin tablet is an example of what type of tablet?
A sublingual tablet thus made to dissolve quickly so to be rapidly absorbed into the system.
Most tablets are coated with what?
A protective coating (a “film” coat”) to protect the drug
The enteric tablet is coated with what?
a hard-shell coating designed to protect the drug from acid in the stomach
What is the coating of an enteric tablet designed to do?
protect the drug from stomach acid
The drugs contained in enteric tablets (under the hard coat) are normally best absorbed where?
in the basic pH of the duodenum
What is an enteric tablet that is the exception to how enteric tablets are expected to act?
enteric coated aspirin which is coated so that it will not dissolve in the stomach and subject the stomach lining to its effects.
The capsule is what type of container?
A solid dosage form; a gelatin “container” that can be filled with: a powder, drug granules, a liquid drug formulation, or an oil. The
The lozenge is what type of dosage form
A solid dosage form; a hard tablet or molded shaped containing drug on a sweetened flavored base.
The lozenge is designed to do what?
Be held in the mouth while slowly releasing the drug for absorption
The lozenge is particularly useful for administration of what?
pain medication for chronic pain, and for the relief of nausea during cancer chemotherapy.
What type of dosage form is drug powders for inhalation?
A solid dosage form; a very fine crystalline form of the drug is mixed with an inert sugar and packaged into a single-dose “blister” which is then inserted into a “diskhaler” which pierces the blister, aerosolizes the drug and allows the patient to inhale the medication
What are the three common liquid dosage forms
- Syrup
- elixir
- extract
A syrup is what type of dosage form?
A liquid dosage form; it is a sweetened liquid that contains the drug, sugar and flavoring
An elixir is what type of dosage form?
Similar to a syrup; it is a sweetened liquid that contains the drug, sugar and flavoring however it has a relatively high percentage of alcohol.
An extract is what type of dosage form?
A liquid dosage form; it is an oil or active portion of plant or herb that is usually removed, or extracted with alcohol.
If the drug dissolves completely into the liquid like a syrup or elixir then it is what?
A solution
A suspension is composed of what?
water and drug particles that do not dissolve but remain suspended in the water
Why do suspensions need to be handled with care?
The drug particles tend to sink to the bottom very quickly so mixing and drawing the dose can be tricky. The withdrawal of the drug dose must be done immediately after mixing, before the drug particles have a chance to settle.
What happens if a suspension is not mixed properly or the dose is not drawn immediately?
The wrong dose of the drug may be dispensed. If the dose is taken from the top of the container, it may contain too much water and not enough drug. If it is taken from the bottom, the drug solution may be too concentrated because the drug particles tend to sink.
